ArticleNature communications2025
Inhalable nanovesicles loaded with a STING agonist enhance CAR-T cell activity against solid tumors in the lung.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Targeting DNA damage response to enhance cancer immunotherapy efficacy: molecular mechanisms and clinical advances.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Self-assembled supramolecular nanoparticles ofActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Nanomaterial Strategies for Pulmonary Delivery of Immunotherapeutics in Lung Cancer Treatment.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- cGAS-STING pathway activation drives the cold-to-hot tumor transition and sensitizes immunotherapy.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Review
- The kinase CK1α coordinates the initiation and termination of the cGAS-STING pathway.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- NIR-II Fluorescent Nanoplatforms with Defect-Regulated Piezoelectricity for Dual NIR-II/MRI-Guided, Hypoxia-Resilient Piezo-Chemodynamic Therapy and cGAS-STING Activation in Orthotopic Liver Tumor.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Nanomedicine Meets Immunotherapy: Advancing Adoptive Cell Therapy with Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Cancer with Sustainability Perspectives.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- An Implantable Scaffold Sequentially Releasing STING Agonist and B7-H3 Antibody for Bone Metastasis Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Mannosylated graphene oxide nanotherapeutics co-delivering docetaxel and a STING agonist reprogram myeloid cells and potentiate antitumor immunity.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Extracellular cGAMP in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology-enhanced CAR-T therapy strategies in cancer, aging, and autoimmune diseases.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- cGAS-STING pathway in lung cancer and emerging therapeutic approaches.Drug discovery today · 2026Review
- CAR immune cell therapy strategies and advances for lung cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- In vivo CAR-cell therapy: current challenges and emerging therapeutic advances.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Engineering BiTE-inspired IPSC-exosomes to potentiate CAR-T cell therapy against lung cancer.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Avenues for optimization of cardiac therapeutics by minimally invasive delivery.Acta biomaterialia · 2026Review
- Nanoparticles-enhanced CAR-T cell therapy: current advances and future directions.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Immune escape mechanisms and therapeutic advances in virus-associated hematological malignancies.Blood cancer journal · 2026Review
- Engineered nanovesicles as a DC vaccine to enhance the antitumor efficacy of CAR-T cells against solid tumors.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Precision Multimodal Nanodynamic Therapy for Lung Cancer: From Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Platforms to Cell-Death Reprogramming and Immune Remodeling.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Suppression of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cells by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment remains a major barrier to their efficacy against solid tumors. To address this, we develop an anti-PD-L1-expressing nanovesicle loaded with the STING agonist cGAMP (aPD-L1 NVs@cGAMP) to remodel the tumor microenvironment and thereby enhance CAR-T cell activity. Following pulmonary delivery, the nanovesicles rapidly accumulate in the lung and selectively deliver STING agonists to PD-L1-overexpressing cells via the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. This targeted delivery effectively avoids the systemic inflammation and poor cellular uptake that plague free STING agonists. Internalized STING agonists trigger STING signaling and induce interferon responses, which diminish immunosuppressive cell populations such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment and promote CAR-T cell infiltration. Importantly, the anti-PD-L1 single chain variable fragment on the nanovesicle surface blocks PD-L1 upregulation induced by STING agonists and prevents CAR-T cell exhaustion. In both orthotopic lung cancer and lung metastasis model, combined therapy with CAR-T cells and aPD-L1 NVs@cGAMP potently inhibits tumor growth and prevents recurrence. Therefore, aPD-L1 NVs@cGAMP is expected to serve as an effective CAR-T cell enhancer to improve the efficacy of CAR-T cells against solid tumors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.