Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39749378›Full record

ArticleJournal of veterinary science2025

Risk scoring of African swine fever transmission in selected provinces of the Philippines.

John Michael G Bernardo, Aaron Paul R Serdeña, Gladys Maria V Pangga, Saubel Ezrael A Salamat, Trisha Nicole Agulto, Cherry P Fernandez-Colorado

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of veterinary science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

John Michael G BernardoDepartment of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines, Los Baños 4031, Laguna, Philippines.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4916-6477
Aaron Paul R SerdeñaDepartment of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines, Los Baños 4031, Laguna, Philippines.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3004-6391
Gladys Maria V PanggaDepartment of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines, Los Baños 4031, Laguna, Philippines.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2432-5347
Saubel Ezrael A SalamatDepartment of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines, Los Baños 4031, Laguna, Philippines.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3597-0918
Trisha Nicole AgultoDepartment of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines, Los Baños 4031, Laguna, Philippines.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3168-8110
Cherry P Fernandez-ColoradoDepartment of Veterinary Paraclinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines, Los Baños 4031, Laguna, Philippines. cpfernandezcolorado@up.edu.ph.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0924-1033

Funding

Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

importanceAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a contagious transboundary swine disease that poses a significant threat to the swine industry. As an archipelago, the Philippines has a geographic advantage in reducing ASF transmission risk. However, control efforts remain challenging due to the disease's complex epidemiology, lack of effective treatment, and vaccine availability. ASF transmission risk evaluation currently includes positive cases, population density, and pork production volume, but the potential role of contaminated pork commodities remains unexplored.

objectiveUsing semiquantitative risk scoring, this study estimated the probability of ASF transmission in 23 selected provinces.

methodsThe factors influencing ASF spread were identified; 10 through a literature review and the positivity for ASF virus (ASFv) of meat samples from an ongoing surveillance study. Secondary data from each sampled province were collected, and the provinces were scored across these factors and classified into one of three risk categories.

resultsSix out of 23 provinces were categorized as high-risk due to the high number of ASFv-positive meat samples, backyard pigs, and ASF occurrences. Conversely, four provinces were classified as low-risk due to consistently low scores across all indicators. The difference in the meat contamination level between low- and high-risk provinces emphasizes the importance of including this factor in the ASF spread assessment. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Risk estimation of ASF transmission must consider meat sample contamination. Active surveillance at local borders can monitor contamination and prevent ASFv sources from entering areas. This approach allows the government to allocate resources and prioritize higher-risk areas.

Indexed as

African Swine FeverAfrican Swine Fever VirusAnimalsPhilippinesRisk AssessmentSwineAfrican swine feverdisease transmission, infectiouspork meatprobabilityrisk factor scores

Identifiers

PMID39749378
PMCPMC11799093

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.