Evidence mapPaperPMID 39749462Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2025

Revisiting the Defeatist Performance Belief Scale in Adults With Schizophrenia and Youth at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis: A Comprehensive Psychometric Analysis.

Lauren Luther, Anthony O Ahmed, Paul M Grant, Eric Granholm, James M Gold, Trevor F Williams, Danielle Pratt, Jason Holden, Elaine F Walker, Lauren Arnold and 10 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Mend the Gap: Online User-Led Adjuvant Treatment for Psychosis: A Systematic Review on Recent Findings.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Lauren LutherDepartment of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
Anthony O AhmedDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, White Plains, NY 10605, United States.
Paul M GrantCenter for Recovery-Oriented Cognitive Therapy, Beck Institute, Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004, United States.
Eric GranholmDepartment of Veterans Affairs, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2040-7951
James M GoldDepartment of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0109-9554
Trevor F WilliamsDepartment of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2202-7020
Danielle PrattDepartment of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-1581-4317
Jason HoldenDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, United States.
Elaine F WalkerDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9798-8101
Lauren ArnoldDepartment of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
Lauren M EllmanDepartment of Psychology & Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States.
Vijay A MittalDepartment of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-9017-5119
Richard ZinbargDepartment of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.
Steve M SilversteinDepartments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Ophthalmology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0699-0960
Philip R CorlettDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5368-1992
Albert R PowersDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-3057-5043
Scott W WoodsDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, United States.
James A WaltzDepartment of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9236-3719
Jason SchiffmanDepartment of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States.
Gregory P StraussDepartment of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.

Funding

Prodromal Inventory for Negative Symptoms (PINS): A Development and Validation StudyR01MH116039 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA · PI VIJAY A MITTAL, GREGORY P STRAUSS · 2022 to 2023
$1.2M
Biomedical Laboratory Research & Development Service 1I01CX000810CSRD VA I01 CX000810NIH HHS K23 MH092530NIH HHS R01 MH091057NIH HHS R01 MH1120088NIH HHS R01 MH112545NIH HHS R01 MH112612NIH HHS R01 MH112613NIH HHS R01 MH116039NIH HHS R01 MH120089NIH HHS R01 MH120090NIH HHS R01 MH120091NIH HHS R01 MH120092NIH HHS R21 MH112925NIH HHS R21 MH119438NIH HHS R21 MH122863NIH HHS U01 MH081988NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH092530NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH091057NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH112545NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH112612NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH112613NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH116039NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH120088NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH120089NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH120090NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH120091NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH120092NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH112925NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH119438NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH122863NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH081988Rehabilitation Research & Development Service E4876R
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

background and hypothesisIn accordance with the Cognitive Model of Negative Symptoms, defeatist performance beliefs (DPBs) are an important psychosocial mechanism of negative symptoms in schizophrenia-spectrum groups. DPBs are also mediators of negative symptom improvement in clinical trials. Despite the clinical significance of DPBs and their inclusion as a mechanism of change measure in clinical trials, the psychometric properties of the DPB scale have not been examined in any schizophrenia-spectrum group. STUDY

designThis study evaluated the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the DPB scale in 943 schizophrenia and 250 clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR) participants from multiple US sites. Confirmatory factor analyses tested competing factor structures: a unidimensional model-consistent with how DPBs are currently assessed-and multifactorial models with up to 4 factors identified with exploratory factor analyses. STUDY

resultsModels with 3 and 4 factors provided superior fit compared to the unidimensional model, with an advantage for the 3-factor model. The 3-factor model, consisting of Overvaluing Success, Overvaluing Failure, and Overvaluing Social Evaluation factors, demonstrated good replicability, temporal stability, and measurement invariance in schizophrenia and CHR samples. Convergent validity was demonstrated via significant correlations with negative symptoms and functioning, but limited associations were present with neurocognition. Discriminant validity was supported by low correlations with positive symptoms.

conclusionsFindings support the validity and reliability of the 3-factor structure of the DPB scale across phases of psychosis. Use of a 3-factor structure may clarify the most critical DPB targets for negative symptom treatment and early prevention and intervention.

Indexed as

Psychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychometricsPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaAdolescentAdultFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansMaleReproducibility of ResultsRiskYoung Adultclinical high-risk for psychosiscognitive behavioral therapycognitive modeldefeatist performance beliefsnegative symptomsschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID39749462
PMCPMC12597509

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.