Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39755647›Full record

SynthesisAIDS research and therapy2025

Thyroid disorders in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a meta-analysis.

Sagad O O Mohamed, Khalid Osman Mohamed, Ayoub A B Mohamed, Ali E A Mohamed, Solafa S M Salih, Duaa A S Ibrahim, Samia I E Mursal, Aseel E B Abdhameed, Ahmed A O Mahmoud, Khadeja F Abdallah and 7 more

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in AIDS research and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Sagad O O MohamedUniversity of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. s.oom123@yahoo.com.
Khalid Osman MohamedUniversity of Bahri, Khartoum North, Sudan.
Ayoub A B MohamedUniversity of Gadarif, Gadarif, Sudan.
Ali E A MohamedUniversity of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Solafa S M SalihUniversity of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Duaa A S IbrahimUniversity of Gazira, Gazira, Sudan.
Samia I E MursalUniversity of Gazira, Gazira, Sudan.
Aseel E B AbdhameedUniversity of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ahmed A O MahmoudShendi University, Shendi, Sudan.
Khadeja F AbdallahUniversity of Kassala, Kassala, Sudan.
Khalid S K SalihUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
Ahmed S E E AbdelrahmanUniversity of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Mohamed S K SalihHarlem Hospital Center, New York, USA.
Yusra E A ElmobashirUniversity of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Mahmoud A M AbdelrahmanNile University, Atbara, Sudan.
Amgad I A MohamedSudanese Medical Specialization Board, Khartoum, Sudan.
Hanaa A M FadilUniversity of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThyroid disorders have significant clinical sequelae, including impaired growth in children, metabolic abnormalities, and impaired cognitive function. However, available studies on burden of thyroid diseases in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), particularly its prevalence and its interaction with HIV related factors (like CD4 count), are controversial. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive summary and analysis on the extent of thyroid dysfunctions in this population.

methodsFollowing Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was done through Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and World Health Organization Virtual Health Library Regional Portal. Using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software version 3.3, we calculated the pooled prevalence and standardized mean difference (SMD) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

resultsA total of 30 studies met the eligibility criteria and were further included for the analyses. The most common types of thyroid dysfunction identified among HIV patients were subclinical hypothyroidism (7.7%), overt hypothyroidism (2.7%), sick euthyroid syndrome (2.47%), isolated low FT4 (1.80%), and overt hyperthyroidism (0.7%). Hypothyroidism among HIV patients was significantly associated with lower CD4 count (p < 0.001). The analysis revealed that only FT4 levels had significant differences between patients with HIV and healthy people (p = 0.013).

conclusionIndividuals with HIV are at risk of developing variable manifestations of thyroid abnormalities. While being not abundant in the HIV population, monitoring of thyroid dysfunction is essential due to the potential for progression to overt hypothyroidism and associated adverse health outcomes.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsThyroid DiseasesCD4 Lymphocyte CountFemaleHumansHypothyroidismMalePrevalenceHIVHuman immunodeficiency virusHypothyroidismPrevalenceThyroidThyroid disorders

Identifiers

PMID39755647
PMCPMC11700458

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.