ReviewDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2025
Evaluating the overall renal outcomes of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Review in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- To investigate the effect of a high-fat diet on pharmacokinetics/renal function/RAAS-related parameters after a single dose of empagliflozin in healthy Chinese adults.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Trial
- Comment on "Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) effect on erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)".Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2026Article
- Beneficial effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on kidney function can be just a mirage.World journal of nephrology · 2025Review
- Diabetes Mellitus in Kidney Transplant Recipients: New Horizons in Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- SGLT2 Inhibitors in Combination Therapies for Tumors: A Novel Approach to Synergistic Treatment Strategies.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOur meta-analysis fills gaps by assessing sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors' renal outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients including long-term effects and the subgroup analyses of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values and follow-up times.
methodsThe literature search of relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central from the inception to 8 June 2023 on patients with CKD treated with SGLT2 inhibitors. We selected medical subject heading (MeSH) terms and free text terms associated with gliflozin and RCT. We calculated odds ratio (OR) or harzard ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for composite outcomes and dichotomous data, and weighted mean differences (WMD) for changes in eGFR.
results16 RCTs enrolling 52,306 patients were in the final population, with 26,910 being treated with SGLT2 inhibitors and 25,396 serving as controls were identified. We found that there was no decline in the rate of change in eGFR after 13 weeks and SGLT2 inhibitors treatment significantly improved the rate of change in eGFR after 64 weeks (64-104 weeks: WMD, 1.024 mL/min/1.73m
conclusionsThe results of our meta-analysis showed that after 64 weeks of treatment, SGLT2 inhibitors showed a significant benefit on eGFR rate with no further decline after 13 weeks and the improvement was slighter in lower eGFR values. Additionally, SGLT2 inhibitors reduce AKI when using empagliflozin, while there is an increased risk of volume-related AEs exclusively in stage 2 CKD. Trial registration CRD42023437061.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.