Evidence mapPaperPMID 39760787Full record

SynthesisActa diabetologica2025

Unraveling the role of muscle mass and strength in predicting type 2 diabetes risk: a systematic review.

Hans Putranata, Antoninus Hengky, Budhi Hartoko

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Acta diabetologica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Hans PutranataDepartment of Internal Medicine, Fatima General Hospital, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. hanspbmd@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1278-0713
Antoninus HengkyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Fatima General Hospital, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6012-701X
Budhi HartokoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Fatima General Hospital, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionSkeletal muscle is the largest insulin-sensitive tissue in the human body, alteration in muscle mass and strength substantially impact glucose metabolism. This systematic review aims to investigate further the relationship between muscle mass and strength towards type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence.

methodsThis systematic review included cohort studies that examinedthe relationship between muscle mass and/or muscle strength on T2DM incidence. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, EBSCO, ProQuest, and Google scholar employing specific Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and relevant keywords related to or synonymous with "muscle mass", "muscle strength", and "Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus incidence".

resultsTwenty-five cohort studies were included, 11 studies on muscle mass and 16 studies on muscle strength. Participants included were 278,475 for muscle mass and 400,181 for muscle strength. Skeletal muscle mass normalized to body weight (SMM/BW), appendicular skeletal musce mass normalized to body weight (ASM/BW), and handgrip strength normalized to body mass index (HGS/BMI) consistently demonstrate significant inverse association with T2DM even after sex and/or BMI stratification. Handgrip strength normalized to body weight (HGS/BW) demonstrates a strong inverse association with T2DM incidence, however, adiposity should be considered.

conclusionMuscle mass and strength demonstrate strong association with T2DM incidence. Adiposity, a key T2DM risk factor, should also be assessed through a simple BMI or a sophisticated technique with BIA or CT-scan. The combination of muscle variables and adiposity could further enhance T2DM risk assessment. However, T2DM risks are multifactorial, with various contributing factors, further large-scale studies are needed to validate these findings.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Muscle, SkeletalMuscle StrengthAdiposityBody Mass IndexHand StrengthHumansIncidenceRisk FactorsHandgrip strengthMuscle areaMuscle massMuscle strengthType 2 diabetes mellitus incidence

Identifiers

PMID39760787

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.