ArticleExperimental eye research2025
Mass spectrometric detection of keratins in tear fluid.
Article in Experimental eye research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of tear fluid glutathione synthetase and glutathione levels with amyloid positivity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A comprehensive review of tear fluid proteome alterations in dry eye disease: Insights into pathophysiology and biomarker potential.The ocular surface · 2026Review
- Proteomic Signatures in Extracellular Vesicles as Predictive Markers of Neural and Cardiac Differentiation from Human iPSCs.Mass spectrometry (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Corneal epithelial cells upregulate macropinocytosis to engulf metabolically active axonal mitochondria released by injured axons.The ocular surface · 2025Article
- Dried Spot Paradigm: Problems and Prospects in Proteomics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeKeratin contamination is a common problem in mass spectrometry proteomic analyses, particularly in bottom-up mass spectrometry. The purpose of this study was to determine the protein contaminants introduced during the proteomic analysis of tear fluid.
methodsHuman tear fluid samples were collected using Schirmer strips. Proteomic analyses were performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on blank Schirmer strips and tear fluid samples, with empty vials serving as controls for assessing environmental contaminant proteins.
resultsWe detected 26 contaminant proteins (18 keratins and 8 non-keratins). 98.2% of the total protein contamination can be attributed to the 9 keratins, including KRT10 (23.6%), KRT1 (23.5%), KRT2 (15.7%), KRT14 (7.6%), KRT16 (7.0%), KRT5 (6.1%), KRT9 (5.9%), KRT6B (4.6%), and KRT6A (4.3%). A comparison to the proteomic profile of blank Schirmer strips and controls (empty vials) found a strong correlation (R
conclusionsThis study revealed nine major contaminant keratins in the mass spectrometry analysis. Several other keratins were identified as constituents of tear fluid. Background subtraction is necessary for the accurate analysis of tear fluid using mass spectrometry.
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Registered trials
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