Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39770925›Full record

SynthesisNutrients2024

Enhancing Performance in Young Athletes: A Systematic Review of Acute Supplementation Effects.

Nina Gruska, Hugo Sarmento, Diogo Martinho, Adam Field, Alain Massart

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrients, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nina GruskaResearch Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal.ORCID 0009-0004-1441-0366
Hugo SarmentoResearch Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-8681-0642
Diogo MartinhoResearch Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-0825-4032
Adam FieldDepartment of Sport and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
Alain MassartResearch Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-3977-7266

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThe increasing popularity of acute supplementation among young athletes is concerning, given the limited scientific evidence to guide recommendations specific to this group. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the available scientific evidence on the acute effects of supplementation in young athletes to understand the impact on physical and cognitive performance.

methodsFollowing pre-registration on INPLASY (INPLASY202310017) and according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, systematic searches of three electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) were conducted by independent researchers from inception until July 2024. Only original studies in English that examined the acute effects of supplementation on young athletes' physical and/or cognitive performance, specifically when taken on the same day as exercise (before or during), were included. The risk of bias was individually assessed for each study using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0).

resultsA total of 16 studies were included in the review. A range of ages, participants, sports, and methodological approaches were involved in the studies included in the current review. The studies mainly used carbohydrates, beetroot juice, and sodium citrate, with carbohydrates being the most used acute supplementation. Carbohydrate supplementation enhanced endurance capacity and increased blood glucose, but mixed results were found for anaerobic performance. Mixed results were found for beetroot juice, with one study finding increases in power production. One study used sodium citrate supplementation, with improvements in technical performance observed.

conclusionsSince this review identified only three substances meeting our eligibility criteria, further research is needed to confirm the acute effects of supplements in young athletes and to better understand their benefits and limitations. Carbohydrate supplementation shows strong evidence for enhancing endurance performance, particularly during prolonged activities, while sodium citrate appears to support the preservation of skill performance. In contrast, the effects of beetroot juice are less consistent. Additional research is required to confirm the acute effects of supplements like beetroot juice in young athletes.

Indexed as

AthletesAthletic PerformanceDietary SupplementsAdolescentChildCognitionDietary CarbohydratesFemaleFruit and Vegetable JuicesHumansMalePerformance-Enhancing SubstancesPhysical EnduranceYoung AdultDietary CarbohydratesPerformance-Enhancing Substancesacute effectsbeetroot juicecarbohydratechildrenergogenic substancespre-training supplementationsodium citrateteenyoung athletes

Identifiers

PMID39770925
PMCPMC11679880

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.