Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39770967›Full record

ReviewNutrients2024

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Breastfeeding, and Progression to Type 2 Diabetes: Why Is It So Hard to Achieve the Protective Benefits of Breastfeeding? A Narrative Review.

María Eugenia Flores-Quijano, Victor Pérez-Nieves, Reyna Sámano, Gabriela Chico-Barba

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrients, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Interventions That Support Breastfeeding for Women With Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

María Eugenia Flores-QuijanoDepartment of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-8808-6739
Victor Pérez-NievesFaculty of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Atutónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72410, Mexico.
Reyna SámanoDepartment of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0001-5490-1363
Gabriela Chico-BarbaDepartment of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City 11000, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-5741-0241

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) face a significantly heightened risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) later in life. Breastfeeding (BF) has been identified as a potential strategy to delay or prevent T2DM; however, women with GDM often encounter barriers in initiating and maintaining adequate BF practices compared to those with uncomplicated pregnancies. This paradox prompts an exploration into the causes of these BF challenges and considers the possibility of reverse causation: Does prolonged and intensive BF mitigate the risk of subsequent glucose dysregulation and T2DM? Alternatively, do women with compromised insulin secretion and sensitivity, who are predisposed to T2DM, struggle to sustain intensive BF practices? This narrative review aims to explore the interplay between GDM, BF, and T2DM development by examining the different factors that present BF challenges among women with GDM. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for establishing realistic BF expectations and developing effective clinical and public health strategies to support BF in this high-risk population.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingDiabetes, GestationalDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Blood GlucoseDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansPregnancyRisk FactorsBlood Glucosebreastfeedinggestational diabetes mellitusobesitytype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID39770967
PMCPMC11679722

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.