Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39771965›Full record

ArticleVaccines2024

The Real-World Effectiveness of Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccines in Zimbabwe During the Omicron Variant Dominance: A Test-Negative Case-Control Study.

Azure Tariro Makadzange, Patricia Gundidza, Kimberly Cheryl Chido Konono, Margaret Gurumani, Chiratidzo Ndhlovu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Azure Tariro MakadzangeMutala Trust, Harare, Zimbabwe.ORCID 0000-0001-5330-1470
Patricia GundidzaMutala Trust, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Kimberly Cheryl Chido KononoMutala Trust, Harare, Zimbabwe.ORCID 0009-0005-3339-8398
Margaret GurumaniMutala Trust, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Chiratidzo NdhlovuMutala Trust, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Funding

Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI). 0000
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted global health, with varying vaccine effectiveness (VE) across different regions and vaccine platforms. In Africa, where vaccination rates are relatively low, inactivated vaccines like BBIP-CorV (Sinopharm) and Coronovac (Sinovac) have been widely used. This study evaluated the real-world effectiveness of licensed inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in Zimbabwe during a period dominated by Omicron variants.

methodsWe conducted a prospective, test-negative, case-control study among symptomatic adults across six Zimbabwean provinces from November 2022 to October 2023. Participants were categorized based on vaccination status, and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing. Vaccine effectiveness was assessed using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for various covariates such as age, sex, and comorbidities.

resultsAmong 5175 participants, 701 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and 4474 tested negative. The overall adjusted VE against symptomatic COVID-19 was 31% (95% CI: 5.3-49.7%) among verified vaccinated individuals. Boosted individuals demonstrated a higher VE of 59.8% (95% CI: 40.3-72.9%). VE decreased significantly to 24% (95% CI: -4.1-44.8%) in individuals vaccinated over a year prior. Similar VE was observed for BBIP-CorV (36.8%, 95% CI: 11.4-54.9%) and Coronovac (38.1%, 95% CI: 16.3-54.2%).

conclusionsThis study indicates modest protection from inactivated COVID-19 vaccines against symptomatic Omicron infection, with significant enhancement following booster doses. These findings highlight the need for continued vaccine evaluation, particularly in resource-limited settings, to inform public health strategies and optimize vaccination programs.

Indexed as

BBIP-CorVCoronovacCOVID-19inactivated vaccinesomicron variantSARS-CoV-2SinopharmSinovactest-negative case–control studyvaccine effectivenessZimbabwe

Identifiers

PMID39771965
PMCPMC11680042

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.