ReviewViruses2024
Metformin in Antiviral Therapy: Evidence and Perspectives.
Review in Viruses, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metabolic profiling of healthy vs. syndrome-associated obesity and effects of six-month metformin therapy.Acta diabetologica · 2026 · on this mapTrial
- Prior SGLT2 Inhibitor and Metformin Use and Risk of Long COVID in Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Guanidines: Privileged Scaffolds Against Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Genetic Modulation of Wound Healing Pathways and Postoperative Risk in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: A Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Metformin attenuates HSV-1-induced neuropathic pain by restoring Sirt3-mediated mitophagy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Metformin provides superior neuroprotective potential compared to semaglutide in preventing diabetes-associated Alzheimer's disease via dual actions.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- From neuraminidase inhibitors to novel mechanisms: expanding therapeutic strategies against influenza.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Abnormal characteristics of intestinal microenvironment in HIV immunological non-responders.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Adipokine profiles and genetic variants of leptin receptor, adiponectin, and ghrelin pathways in obesity: prospective 12-month outcomes after bariatric interventions.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Metabolic Hostile Takeover: How Influenza Virus Reprograms Cellular Metabolism for Replication.Viruses · 2025Review
- From Diabetes to Degenerative Diseases: The Multifaceted Action of Metformin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Extracellular DNA, hyaluronic acid, HIF pathways, and LncRNAs as predictive biomarkers of severe COVID-19.Virology journal · 2025Review
- Molecular and Biochemical Mechanisms of Cardiomyopathy Development Following Prenatal Hypoxia-Focus on the NO System.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Application of S-Substituted Pteridine for CClBiomedicines · 2025Article
- Reactivation of Latent Tuberculosis Following COVID-19 and Epstein-Barr Virus Coinfection: A Case Report.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of chronic social stress on molecular markers of skin regeneration during experimental excisional wounding.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Metformin as a disease-modifying therapy in osteoarthritis: bridging metabolism and joint health.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Unlocking the gut-liver axis: microbial contributions to the pathogenesis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Future horizons in diabetes treatment: hypoglycemic activity of [1,2,4]triazino[2,3-Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Repurposing Existing Drugs for the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.Chronic stress (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic medication, has emerged as a promising broad-spectrum antiviral agent due to its ability to modulate cellular pathways essential for viral replication. By activating AMPK, metformin depletes cellular energy reserves that viruses rely on, effectively limiting the replication of pathogens such as influenza, HIV, SARS-CoV-2, HBV, and HCV. Its role in inhibiting the mTOR pathway, crucial for viral protein synthesis and reactivation, is particularly significant in managing infections caused by HIV, CMV, and EBV. Furthermore, metformin reduces oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are critical for replicating arboviruses such as Zika and dengue. The drug also regulates immune responses, cellular differentiation, and inflammation, disrupting the life cycle of HPV and potentially other viruses. These diverse mechanisms suppress viral replication, enhance immune system functionality, and contribute to better clinical outcomes. This multifaceted approach highlights metformin's potential as an adjunctive therapy in treating a wide range of viral infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.