Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39772535›Full record

ReviewJournal of medicinal chemistry2025

Metabolic Stability and Targeted Delivery of Oligonucleotides: Advancing RNA Therapeutics Beyond The Liver.

Puneet Anand, Yu Zhang, Spoorthi Patil, Keerat Kaur

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Recent Advances in Pathogenicity and Biocontrol of PostharvestJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Puneet AnandRegeneron Genetic Medicines, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York 10591, United States.ORCID 0009-0002-1112-0924
Yu ZhangRegeneron Genetic Medicines, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York 10591, United States.
Spoorthi PatilRegeneron Genetic Medicines, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York 10591, United States.
Keerat KaurRegeneron Genetic Medicines, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York 10591, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Oligonucleotides have emerged as a formidable new class of nucleic acid therapeutics. Fully modified oligonucleotides exhibit enhanced metabolic stability and display successful clinical applicability for targets formerly considered "undruggable". Accumulating studies show that conjugation to targeting modalities of stabilized oligonucleotides, especially small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), has enabled robust delivery to intended cells/tissues. However, the major challenge in the field has been the stability and targeted delivery of oligonucleotides (siRNAs and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs)) to extrahepatic tissues. In this Perspective, we review chemistry innovations and emerging delivery approaches that have revolutionized oligonucleotide drug discovery and development. We explore findings from both academia and industry that highlight the potential of oligonucleotides for indications involving different extrahepatic organs─including skeletal muscles, brain, lungs, skin, heart, adipose tissue, and eyes. In all, continued advances in chemistry coupled with conjugation-based approaches or novel administration routes will further advance the delivery of oligonucleotides to extrahepatic tissues.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsOligonucleotidesOligonucleotides, AntisenseRNA, Small InterferingAnimalsHumansLiverOligonucleotidesOligonucleotides, AntisenseRNA, Small Interfering

Identifiers

PMID39772535
PMCPMC11998008

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.