SynthesisBMC cancer2025
Optimal treatment approach for intracranial germinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Suprasellar germinoma: intraoperative findings from an endoscopic endonasal approach. Illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2026Article
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Genomic Profiling as an Adjunct in a Case of Intracranial Germinoma: Utility and Limitations.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Long-term outcomes and late complications of intracranial germinoma: Implications for follow-up policy.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTo determine the optimal treatment modality for intracranial germinoma (IG). MATERIALS AND
methodsA search of Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library was conducted up to April, 2024. Pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Subgroup analysis was applied according to radiotherapy (RT) alone or with chemotherapy (CTx).
resultsTotal 37 studies were included in systematic review. Most IG patients were treated with biopsy or resection followed by RT with or without CTx. Prognosis of IG patients with different surgical resection is similar. Meta-analyses demonstrated focal field RT were with higher recurrence rate compared with craniospinal irradiation (CSI) [RR = 7.128, 95% CI (5.083, 9.995)], whole-brain RT (WBRT) [RR = 4.094, 95% CI (2.923, 5.735)] or whole-ventricle RT (WVRT) [RR = 3.361, 95% CI (2.126, 5.312)]; both WBRT and WVRT were also with higher recurrence compared with CSI; but no significant difference in recurrence and mortality between WVRT and WBRT. Total 24 studies reported treatment-related acute and/or late toxicity, combination CTx increased acute toxic, and expanded RT field and/or dose increased late toxicity.
conclusionBased on our findings, focal field RT is not recommended regardless of whether combined with CTx for intracranial pure germinoma. Although CSI is associated with better local control than other reduced-field RT, considering the potential toxicity and pattern of relapse, whole ventricles irradiation is more reasonable for localized or nonmetastatic germinoma. Reduced-dose CSI with or without chemotherapy is effective in metastatic or disseminated IG.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.