Evidence mapPaperPMID 39775037Full record

Trial reportNature medicine2025

Effects of early, late and self-selected time-restricted eating on visceral adipose tissue and cardiometabolic health in participants with overweight or obesity: a randomized controlled trial.

Manuel Dote-Montero, Antonio Clavero-Jimeno, Elisa Merchán-Ramírez, Maddi Oses, Jon Echarte, Alba Camacho-Cardenosa, Mara Concepción, Francisco J Amaro-Gahete, Juan M A Alcántara, Alejandro López-Vázquez and 20 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nature medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05310721 (Efficacy and Feasibility of Time-restricted Eating on Cardiometabolic Health in Adults With Overweight/Obesity), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05310721 nacompletednot on this map

Efficacy and Feasibility of Time-restricted Eating on Cardiometabolic Health in Adults With Overweight/Obesity: The EXTREME Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidad de GranadaRan2022 to 2023Enrolled197ConditionsTime Restricted Feeding, Obesity, Abdominal, Cardiometabolic SyndromeArmsEarly time-restricted eating, Late time-restricted eating, Self-selected time-restricted eating
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Understanding Participants' and Health Professionals' Perceptions and Experiences of Time-Restricted Eating: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026
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  9. A Qualitative Exploration of Facilitators and Barriers to Early Time-Restricted Eating: Insights From a Randomised Controlled Trial.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors.

Manuel Dote-Montero *Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain. manuel.dotemontero@nih.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0715-8620
Antonio Clavero-Jimeno *Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6135-9848
Elisa Merchán-RamírezDepartment of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.
Maddi OsesInstitute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.
Jon EcharteInstitute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.
Alba Camacho-CardenosaDepartment of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7682-8336
Mara ConcepciónInstitute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-6177-2448
Francisco J Amaro-GaheteDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7207-9016
Juan M A AlcántaraInstitute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.
Alejandro López-VázquezDepartment of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.
Rocío CupeiroDepartment of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-0002
Jairo H MiguelesDepartment of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.
Alejandro De-la-ODepartment of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.
Patricia V García PérezRadiology Department, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.
Victoria Contreras-BolivarInstituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.
Araceli Muñoz-GarachInstituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.
Ana ZugastiNavarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
Estrella PetrinaNavarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8189-7056
Natalia Alvarez de EulateNavarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
Elena GoñiNavarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
Cristina Armendariz-BrugosServicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Maria T González CejudoServicio de Análisis Clínicos, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.
Jose L Martín-RodríguezInstituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7538-4139
Fernando IdoateRadiology Department, Mutua Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5600-6055
Rafael CabezaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Communications Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7999-1182
Almudena Carneiro-BarreraCentro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red: Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Rafael de CaboTranslational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3354-2442
Manuel Muñoz-TorresInstituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9645-3260
Idoia LabayenInstitute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain. idoia.labayen@unavarra.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4334-3287
Jonatan R RuizDepartment of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain. ruizj@ugr.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7548-7138

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The optimal eating window for time-restricted eating (TRE) remains unclear, particularly its impact on visceral adipose tissue (VAT), which is associated with cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality. We investigated the effects of three TRE schedules (8 h windows in the early day, late day and participant-chosen times) combined with usual care (UC, based on education about the Mediterranean diet) versus UC alone over 12 weeks in adults with overweight or obesity. The primary outcome was VAT changes measured by magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 197 participants were randomized to UC (n = 49), early TRE (n = 49), late TRE (n = 52) or self-selected TRE (n = 47). No significant differences were found in VAT changes between early TRE (mean difference (MD): -4%; 95% confidence interval (CI), -12 to 4; P = 0.87), late TRE (MD: -6%; 95% CI, -13 to 2; P = 0.31) and self-selected TRE (MD: -3%; 95% CI, -11 to 5; P ≥ 0.99) compared with UC, nor among the TRE groups (all P ≥ 0.99). No serious adverse events occurred; five participants reported mild adverse events. Adherence was high (85-88%) across TRE groups. These findings suggest that adding TRE, irrespective of eating window timing, offers no additional benefit over a Mediterranean diet alone in reducing VAT. TRE appears to be a safe, well-tolerated and feasible dietary approach for adults with overweight or obesity. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT05310721 .

Indexed as

Intra-Abdominal FatObesityOverweightAdultDiet, MediterraneanFastingFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedTime Factors

Identifiers

PMID39775037

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.