Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39776930›Full record

ArticleActa Cardiologica Sinica2025

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Door-to-Device Time Segments and Clinical Outcomes for STEMI Patients in Northern Taiwan.

San-Fang Chou, Chun-Yu Hsieh, Kuang-Chau Tsai, Yuan-Hung Liu, Chieh-Min Fan, Jie-Ren Mi Le, Fu-Shan Jaw, Chung-Ta Chang, Shyh-Shyong Sim, Yen-Wen Wu and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Acta Cardiologica Sinica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

San-Fang ChouDepartment of Medical Research.
Chun-Yu HsiehDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Kuang-Chau TsaiDepartment of Emergency Medicine.
Yuan-Hung LiuDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City.
Chieh-Min FanDepartment of Emergency Medicine.
Jie-Ren Mi LeDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei.
Fu-Shan JawDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei.
Chung-Ta ChangDepartment of Emergency Medicine.
Shyh-Shyong SimDepartment of Emergency Medicine.
Yen-Wen WuDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City.
Ting-Li TaiDepartment of Emergency Medicine.
Kuan-Chang ChenDivision of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City.
Yuan-Hui WuDepartment of Emergency Medicine.
Chien-Chieh HsiehDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Prompt primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) is crucial for the prognosis and reduction of myocardial damage in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had multifaceted impacts on healthcare. This study assessed the effects of the pandemic on pPCI procedures and clinical outcomes in emergency STEMI patients. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study analyzed STEMI patients who underwent pPCI from February 2019 to January 2022. The COVID-19 pandemic was categorized into three periods: pre-COVID-19 (Period-I), early-pandemic (Period-II), and epidemic (Period-III). The impacts on Door-to-Device time, its segments, and clinical outcomes were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: A total of 404 STEMI patients were included, with a reduced number in Period-III. Compared to Period-I, the time intervals of Door-to-electrocardiogram (ECG), ECG-to-Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Activation (CCLA), and CCLA-to-Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Door in Period III were extended by 0.62 minutes (p = 0.006), 3.30 minutes (p = 0.009), and 9.65 minutes (p < 0.001), respectively. In contrast, the Angio-to-Device time was shorter in Period- II and III by 2.60 and 4.08 minutes (p < 0.001), respectively. Overall Door-to-Device time increased by 10.06 minutes (p < 0.001) in Period-III but decreased by 3.67 minutes in Period-II (p = 0.017). The odds of achieving a Door-to-Device time ≤ 90 minutes decreased by 70% in Period-III (p = 0.002). Clinical outcomes, including intensive care unit stay, hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, and 30-day readmission rate, remained stable across periods. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had various effects on different segments of the Door-to-Device procedure, and they were influenced by the complex interplay between infection control measures and clinical workflow. The stability of clinical outcomes reflects the resilience and effective adaptations of the healthcare system during the pandemic.

Indexed as

COVID-19D2BDoor to DevicePercutaneous coronary interventionST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Identifiers

PMID39776930
PMCPMC11701492

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.