Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39779924›Full record

ArticleNature medicine2025

Transplantation of a genetically modified porcine heart into a live human.

Bartley P Griffith, Alison Grazioli, Avneesh K Singh, Andy Tully, Javier Galindo, Kapil K Saharia, Aakash Shah, Erik R Strauss, Patrick N Odonkor, Brittney Williams and 27 more

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. CD8Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026
    Article
  3. Gene-edited pig cardiac xenotransplantation as a bridge to allotransplantation in infants: Progress in a pig-to-baboon model.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. The Top 12 Most Impactful Papers in Clinical Transplantation in 2025: TI Editors' Choice.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. On the horizon in biomedical engineering.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. The use of transgenic animals for xenotransplantation: An update.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

37 authors.

Bartley P GriffithCardiothoracic Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Alison GrazioliUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Avneesh K SinghSurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8701-2260
Andy TullySurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Javier GalindoSurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Kapil K SahariaUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5116-0042
Aakash ShahCardiothoracic Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Erik R StraussAnesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6424-9441
Patrick N OdonkorAnesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Brittney WilliamsAnesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Henry J SilvermanUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Allen BurkePathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Cinthia B DrachenbergPathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3104-5661
Chris L WellsUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Timm DickfeldUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Susie N HongUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Albert J HicksUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Manjula AnanthramUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Anuj GuptaUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Robert H ChristensonPathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lo TamburroPathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-2571-5491
Tianshu ZhangSurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Alena HershfeldSurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Billeta LewisSurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Erika D FellerMedStar Heart & Vascular Institute, Columbia, MD, USA.
Kasinath KuraviRevivicor Inc., Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Lori SorrellsRevivicor Inc., Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Erwan MorgandUniversité de Paris Cité, INSERM U970, Paris Translational Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, Paris, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-8770
Fariza MezineUniversité de Paris Cité, INSERM U970, Paris Translational Research Centre for Organ Transplantation, Paris, France.
Valentin GoutaudierUniversité Paris Cité, INSERM U970, Paris Institute for Transplantation and Organ Regeneration, Paris, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6191-6889
Martine RothblattUnited Therapeutics Corp., Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Christine L LauSurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Bradley TaylorCardiothoracic Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Steve PerrinEledon Pharmaceuticals Inc., Irvine, CA, USA.
Alexandre LoupyUniversité Paris Cité, INSERM U970, Paris Institute for Transplantation and Organ Regeneration, Paris, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3388-7747
David AyaresRevivicor Inc., Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Muhammad M MohiuddinSurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. mmohiuddin@som.umaryland.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4654-783X

Funding

NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI090959United Therapeutics Corporation (United Therapeutics) 10019787U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) AI090959
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Following our previous experience with cardiac xenotransplantation of a genetically modified porcine heart into a live human, we sought to achieve improved results by selecting a healthier recipient and through more sensitive donor screening for potential zoonotic pathogens. Here we transplanted a 10-gene-edited pig heart into a 58-year-old man with progressive, debilitating inotrope-dependent heart failure due to ischemic cardiomyopathy who was not a candidate for standard advanced heart failure therapies. He was maintained on a costimulation (anti-CD40L, Tegoprubart) blockade-based immunomodulatory regimen. The xenograft initially functioned well, with excellent systolic and diastolic function during the first several weeks posttransplantation. Subsequently, the xenograft developed rapidly progressing diastolic heart failure, biventricular wall thickening and, ultimately, near-complete loss of systolic function necessitating initiation of extracorporeal membranous oxygenation on day 31. Given these setbacks, the patient chose to transition to comfort care after 40 days. As with our first patient, histology did not reveal substantial immune cell infiltration but suggested capillary endothelial injury with interstitial edema and early fibrosis. No evidence of porcine cytomegalovirus replication in the xenograft was observed. Strategies to overcome the obstacle of antibody-mediated rejection are needed to advance the field of xenotransplantation.

Indexed as

Heart FailureHeart TransplantationTransplantation, HeterologousAnimalsAnimals, Genetically ModifiedGraft RejectionHeterograftsHumansMaleMiddle AgedSwine

Identifiers

PMID39779924

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.