Evidence mapPaperPMID 39780263Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2025

The association between estimated pulse wave velocity and cardio-cerebrovascular disease risk: a cohort study.

Guangyan Liu, Wenyue Sha, Yueying Wu, Jinhua Luo, Yuying Cai, Tuming Zhang, Yu Yang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of medical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Guangyan Liu *Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, China.
Wenyue Sha *Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, China.
Yueying WuDepartment of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, China.
Jinhua LuoDepartment of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, China.
Yuying CaiDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Foshan Nanhai District Fourth People's Hospital, Foshan, 528200, Guangdong, China.
Tuming ZhangDepartment of Geriatrics, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, 523000, Guangdong, China. 13360708551@163.com.
Yu YangDepartment of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, China. yangyu@gdmu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China 2023ZD0508506
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVarious measures of arterial stiffness have been linked to the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between the estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), a novel indicator of arterial stiffness, and cardio-cerebrovascular disease risk remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between the ePWV and the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.

methodsA total of 17,708 participants aged 45 years and older enrolled in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), conducted between 2011 and 2012, and participants with a 7-year follow-up were included. Ultimately, 8242 respondents were included in the study. The ePWV was calculated using age and mean blood pressure. Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, and intracerebral haemorrhage, were categorised as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Clinical and demographic characteristics were collected. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the relationship between ePWV and the risk of cardiovascular disease.

resultsDuring the 7-year follow-up, 21.7% of the participants (1791/8242) developed cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the ePWV was positively associated with the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.16, 95% CI 1.11-1.22, P < 0.001). The ePWV was divided into quartiles, and regression analysis was performed. Participants in the highest ePWV quartile had a 128% higher risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease than those in the lowest quartile. The subgroup analysis showed that the positive association between the ePWV and the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease remained consistent among middle-aged and older adults across different Chinese communities.

conclusionsIn middle-aged and older Chinese adults, the ePWV was significantly and positively associated with the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease, making it a reliable and innovative predictor of these conditions.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesCerebrovascular DisordersPulse Wave AnalysisAgedChinaCohort StudiesFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsVascular StiffnessArtery stiffnessCardio-cerebrovascular diseasesCommunityEstimated pulse wave velocityMiddle-aged and older adults

Identifiers

PMID39780263
PMCPMC11715084

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.