Evidence mapPaperPMID 39780268Full record

ArticleTrials2025

Twenty-four weeks of combined training in different environments, aquatic and land, in the type 2 diabetes management (Aquatic and Land Exercise for Diabetes -ALED): protocol of a randomized clinical trial.

Larissa Dos Santos Leonel, Ingrid Alessandra Victoria Wolin, Angélica Danielevicz, Mabel Diesel, Marina Isolde Constantini, João Batista de Oliveira Junior, Allana Andrade Souza, Thaís Reichert, João Gabriel Silveira-Rodrigues, Danusa Dias Soares and 10 more

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Larissa Dos Santos LeonelDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil. leonellari@gmail.com.
Ingrid Alessandra Victoria WolinDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Angélica DanieleviczDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Mabel DieselDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Marina Isolde ConstantiniDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
João Batista de Oliveira JuniorDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Allana Andrade SouzaDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Thaís ReichertDepartment of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, University Campus Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.
João Gabriel Silveira-RodriguesDepartment of Physical Education, Federal University of Minas Gerais, University Campus, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31310-250, Brazil.
Danusa Dias SoaresDepartment of Physical Education, Federal University of Minas Gerais, University Campus, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31310-250, Brazil.
Marcelo Fernando RonsoniDepartment of Medical Clinical, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Simone Van De Sande LeeDepartment of Medical Clinical, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Alex RafachoDepartment of Biochemistry, University Campus, Trindade, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Guilherme Fleury Fina SperettaDepartment of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Karla Siqueira LottermannDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Josefina BertoliDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Alexandre Pastoris MullerDepartment of Biochemistry, University Campus, Trindade, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Aline Mendes GerageDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Cíntia de La Rocha FreitasDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
Rodrigo Sudatti DelevattiDepartment of Physical Education, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPhysical exercise is crucial in type 2 diabetes management (T2D), and training in the aquatic environment seems to be a promising alternative due to its physical properties and metabolic, functional, cardiovascular, and neuromuscular benefits. Research on combined training in aquatic and dry-land training environments is scarce, especially in long-term interventions. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of combined training in both environments on health outcomes related to the management of T2D patients.

methodsThis is a randomized, unicentric, single-blinded, comparator clinical trial with two parallel arms. Participants with T2D, of both sexes, aged at 45 to 80 years old, will be randomized into two groups (aquatic combined training (AQUA) and dry-land combined training (LAND)), both performing combined aerobic and resistance training three times a week on alternate days for 24 weeks. Aerobic training will be performed using continuous and pyramidal methods, with linear exercise intensity and duration progression. Intensity will be prescribed by rated effort perception (Borg scale 6 to 20). Resistance training will be performed using exercise for the trunk, upper and lower limbs maximum speed, and target repetition zone in aquatic and dry-land environments, respectively, using multiple sets in a linear dosage progression. Before, at 12 weeks, and after the 24 weeks of training, biochemical analyses, functional capacity, maximum muscle strength, body composition assessments, cardiovascular measures, and the administration of questionnaires to assess mental, cognitive, sleep quality, and quality of life will be conducted. Throughout the 24 weeks, the training load date and acute capillary glucose and blood pressure measurements will also be conducted. The data will be analyzed using the SPSS (29.0) statistical package, using a significance level of 0.05. For intra- and inter-group comparisons, generalized estimating equations will be applied and analyzed by intention-to-treat and per-protocol adopting the Bonferroni post hoc test. DISCUSSION: The obtained results may provide insights to enhance understanding of the benefits of the aquatic and dry-land environment on various health outcomes, as well as acute aspects and safety considerations of the training. Moreover, this could support the development of intervention strategies to optimize the T2D management.

trial registrationBrazilian Clinical Trial Registry (ReBEC) RBR-10fwqmfy. Registered on April 16, 2024.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicResistance TrainingAgedAged, 80 and overBrazilExercise TherapyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMuscle StrengthQuality of LifeSingle-Blind MethodTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeAquatic trainingDiabetesExerciseGlycated hemoglobinInflammationMetabolism

Identifiers

PMID39780268
PMCPMC11716115

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.