Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39789334›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

The added value of anosmic subtype on motor subtype in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study.

Chia-Yen Lin, Hsiao-Hui Chen, Ching-Heng Lin, Ming-Hong Chang

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Chia-Yen LinDepartment of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Taiwan Boulevard, Section 4, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan.
Hsiao-Hui ChenDepartment of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Taiwan Boulevard, Section 4, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan.
Ching-Heng LinDepartment of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Taiwan Boulevard, Section 4, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan.
Ming-Hong ChangDepartment of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Taiwan Boulevard, Section 4, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan. cmh500809@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7699-334X

Funding

National Chung-Hsing University NSTC 113-2314-B-005-008Taichung Veterans General Hospital 1123402C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates whether incorporating olfactory dysfunction into motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) improves associations with clinical outcomes. PD is commonly divided into motor subtypes, such as postural instability and gait disturbance (PIGD) and tremor-dominant PD (TDPD), but non-motor symptoms like olfactory dysfunction remain underexplored. We assessed 157 participants with PD using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (M-UPDRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), 39-item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire Summary Index (PDQ-39 SI), and 99mTc-TRODAT-1 imaging. Motor subtypes were categorized as PIGD and TDPD, and olfactory subtypes were categorized as total anosmia (TA) and non-anosmia (NA). Significant differences were observed, with the highest disease burden occurring in PIGD TA, while the lowest occurred in TDPD NA. The total M-UPDRS scores (59.0, 47.5, 43.0, 36.0; p < 0.001) and PDQ-39 SI scores (22.4, 22.8, 9.6, and 9.0; p < 0.001) varied significantly across groups, and the highest occurred for PIGD TA, followed by PIGD NA, TDPD TA, and TDPD NA. MoCA scores indicated the best cognitive performance in TDPD NA (p = 0.002). Thus, the results show that integrating olfactory dysfunction with motor subtypes may enhance PD classification, particularly in cognitive assessment in cases of TDPD.

Indexed as

AnosmiaParkinson DiseaseAgedFemaleGait Disorders, NeurologicHumansMaleMiddle AgedOlfaction DisordersPilot ProjectsSeverity of Illness IndexSmellTremorAnosmiaCognitive dysfunctionOlfaction disordersParkinson’s diseasePostural instabilityQuality of life

Identifiers

PMID39789334
PMCPMC11718304

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.