Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39794384›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of obesity (2005)2025

Effects of time-restricted eating with exercise on body composition in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Harry M Hays, Pouria Sefidmooye Azar, Minsoo Kang, Grant M Tinsley, Nadeeja N Wijayatunga

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of obesity (2005), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. A Qualitative Exploration of Facilitators and Barriers to Early Time-Restricted Eating: Insights From a Randomised Controlled Trial.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025
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  6. Review
  7. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Harry M HaysDepartment of Nutrition and Hospitality Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.
Pouria Sefidmooye AzarDepartment of Nutrition and Hospitality Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.
Minsoo KangDepartment of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.
Grant M TinsleyDepartment of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0230-6586
Nadeeja N WijayatungaDepartment of Nutrition and Hospitality Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA. nadeejaw@olemiss.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7725-2420

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) with exercise on body composition in adults are not clear.

objectiveThis meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of TRE when followed in combination with various forms of exercise, including aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic and resistance [concurrent] training on body composition.

methodsStudies published up to May 2023 were searched in EBSCOhost (MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTSDISCUS), PubMed, and SCOPUS databases. Fifteen studies, including 338 participants, that evaluated TRE vs. unrestricted eating in individuals performing exercise were analyzed. A random-effects model was used to calculate the weighted mean effect sizes (ES) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI's).

resultsAccording to the pooled results, TRE had a small but significant reduction of fat mass (FM) kg with an effect size of -0.20 (95% CI = -0.28 to -0.13, p < 0.001) and on body fat percent (BF%) with an effect size of -0.23 (95% CI = -0.35 to -0.11, p < 0.001). The prediction interval ranged from -0.48 to 0.08 for FM and from -0.64 to 0.18 for BF%, respectively. TRE did not significantly alter fat-free mass (FFM) kg compared to control (p = 0.07). Furthermore, age, body mass index (BMI), exercise type, study duration, and energy intake did not have a significant impact on the variation in effect sizes according to the subgroup analyses (p > 0.05).

conclusionTRE with exercise may reduce fat mass compared to an unrestricted eating window exercise-matched control while preserving FFM. However, more studies are needed.

Indexed as

Body CompositionExerciseAdultFemaleHumansMale

Identifiers

PMID39794384
PMCPMC12095083

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.