Trial reportNature microbiology2025
Vaccine-induced T cell responses control Orthoflavivirus challenge infection without neutralizing antibodies in humans.
Trial report in Nature microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Zika virus vaccine with E protein fusion loop mutations protects via CD8Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Immune Mechanisms and Translational Study Design in Viral Vaccine Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Multiple, but not isolated, yellow fever virus-associated orthoflavivirus immune histories drive antibody-dependent enhancement of Zika and dengue viruses.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- CD4Nature immunology · 2026Article
- T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza A (H2N3): implications for caccine efficacy and cross-subtype protection.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Aminoglycosides induce immune activation but is insufficient for systemic viral control: a double-blind randomized-controlled clinical trial.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Algorithm-Optimized H5 Influenza mRNA Vaccine Induces Broad Immune Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Abortive infection: T cells as early, antibody-independent defenders.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Article
- Mechanisms underlying immunodynamics of layered defenses elicited by mRNA vaccination in children.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Yellow Fever in Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review of the Clinical Implications and Vaccination in the Context of the 2024-2026 Americas Outbreak.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Review
- Article
- CD8+ T cells and Humoral Immunity Influence the Development of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement: Implications for Vaccine Design.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- mRNA Vaccine Against Japanese Encephalitis Virus Genotype IV Protects Against Lethal Infection.Viruses · 2026Article
- Broad beta-CoV immunity and transmission blockade by a single-dose live-attenuated vaccine with atypical codon usage.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Multi-antigen DNA vaccine targeting non-structural proteins confers robust T Cell-mediated protection against Zika virus.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Proteome-wide curation of experimentally validated HPV T-cell epitopes identifies key gaps in our understanding of cellular immunity to HPV and informs vaccine design.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Broad and robust T cell immunity compensates the population immune barrier against antibody-escaping Omicron variants.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Subunit vaccination using Atomic Layering Thermostable Antigen and Adjuvant (ALTAFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immunological and transcriptomic profile of chimeric live-attenuated Zika vaccine linked to protection in non-human primates.Nature communications · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
T cells have been identified as correlates of protection in viral infections. However, the level of vaccine-induced T cells needed and the extent to which they alone can control acute viral infection in humans remain uncertain. Here we conducted a double-blind, randomized controlled trial involving vaccination and challenge in 33 adult human volunteers, using the live-attenuated yellow fever (YF17D) and chimeric Japanese encephalitis-YF17D (JE/YF17D) vaccines. Both Orthoflavivirus vaccines share T cell epitopes but have different neutralizing antibody epitopes. The primary objective was to assess the extent to which vaccine-induced T cell responses, independent of neutralizing antibodies, were able to reduce post-challenge viral RNAaemia levels. Secondary objectives included an assessment of surrogate measures of viral control, including post-challenge antibody titres and symptomatic outcomes. YF17D vaccinees had reduced levels of JE/YF17D challenge viraemia, compared with those without previous YF17D vaccination (mean log
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.