SynthesisCommunications biology2025
The genomic architecture of circulating cytokine levels points to drug targets for immune-related diseases.
Synthesis in Communications biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Selection-guided discovery in South Asians implicates the MAPT locus in insulin resistance.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Genetic Variation in the Chemokine Network and Atherosclerosis Risk.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Genetic Correlations and Causal Relationships Among Allergic Diseases: A Comprehensive Mendelian Randomization Study With Multiomic Mediation Analysis.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- Circadian disruption and circulating TGF-β1 in workers: evidence from Mendelian randomization and observational data.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- IL6 genetic perturbation mimicking IL-6 inhibition is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk.Nature cardiovascular research · 2025Article
- Correlations Between Immuno-Inflammatory Biomarkers and Hematologic Indices Stratified by Immunologic SNP Genotypes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Circulating cytokines orchestrate immune reactions and are promising drug targets for immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases. Exploring the genetic architecture of circulating cytokine levels could yield key insights into causal mediators of human disease. Here, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 40 circulating cytokines in meta-analyses of 74,783 individuals. We detected 359 significant associations between cytokine levels and variants in 169 independent loci, including 150 trans- and 19 cis-acting loci. Integration with transcriptomic data point to key regulatory mechanisms, such as the buffering function of the Atypical Chemokine Receptor 1 (ACKR1) acting as scavenger for multiple chemokines and the role of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAFD1) in modulating the cytokine storm triggered by TNF signaling. Applying Mendelian randomization (MR), we detected a network of complex cytokine interconnections with TNF-b, VEGF, and IL-1ra exhibiting pleiotropic downstream effects on multiple cytokines. Drug target cis-MR using 2 independent proteomics datasets paired with colocalization revealed G-CSF/CSF-3 and CXCL9/MIG as potential causal mediators of asthma and Crohn's disease, respectively, but also a potentially protective role of TNF-b in multiple sclerosis. Our results provide an overview of the genetic architecture of circulating cytokines and could guide the development of targeted immunotherapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.