Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39794547›Full record

ArticleNature genetics2025

Cell state-dependent allelic effects and contextual Mendelian randomization analysis for human brain phenotypes.

Alexander Haglund, Verena Zuber, Maya Abouzeid, Yifei Yang, Jeong Hun Ko, Liv Wiemann, Maria Otero-Jimenez, Louwai Muhammed, Rahel Feleke, Alexi Nott and 25 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature genetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

35 authors.

Alexander Haglund *Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0404-0723
Verena Zuber *Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9827-1877
Maya AbouzeidDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Yifei YangDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Jeong Hun KoDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Liv WiemannDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Maria Otero-JimenezDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Louwai MuhammedNuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Rahel FelekeDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Alexi NottDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2029-7193
James D MillsDepartments of Neuropathology and Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Liisi LaanisteDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7321-9693
Djordje O GvericDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Daniel ClodeDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Ann C BabtieUniversity of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9357-8351
Susanna PagniDepartments of Neuropathology and Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Ravishankara BellampalliDepartments of Neuropathology and Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Alyma SomaniDepartments of Neuropathology and Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Karina McDadeDepartment of Neuropathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3224-8540
Jasper J AninkAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Lucia MesarosovaAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nurun FancyDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6481-6266
Nanet WillumsenDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7289-3360
Amy SmithDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Johanna JacksonDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8459-0591
Javier Alegre-AbarrateguiDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5958-7753
Eleonora AronicaAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3542-3770
Paul M MatthewsDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1619-8328
Maria ThomDepartments of Neuropathology and Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Sanjay M SisodiyaDepartments of Neuropathology and Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Prashant K SrivastavaNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Dheeraj MalhotraRoche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Research, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland.
Julien BryoisRoche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Research, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4747-2166
Leonardo BottoloDepartment of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. lb664@cam.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-2327
Michael R JohnsonDepartment of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. m.johnson@imperial.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5848-9342

Funding

RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/N510129/1RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC) MR/S02638X/1RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC) MR/W029790/1RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC) MR/W029790/1)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gene expression quantitative trait loci are widely used to infer relationships between genes and central nervous system (CNS) phenotypes; however, the effect of brain disease on these inferences is unclear. Using 2,348,438 single-nuclei profiles from 391 disease-case and control brains, we report 13,939 genes whose expression correlated with genetic variation, of which 16.7-40.8% (depending on cell type) showed disease-dependent allelic effects. Across 501 colocalizations for 30 CNS traits, 23.6% had a disease dependency, even after adjusting for disease status. To estimate the unconfounded effect of genes on outcomes, we repeated the analysis using nondiseased brains (n = 183) and reported an additional 91 colocalizations not present in the larger mixed disease and control dataset, demonstrating enhanced interpretation of disease-associated variants. Principled implementation of single-cell Mendelian randomization in control-only brains identified 140 putatively causal gene-trait associations, of which 11 were replicated in the UK Biobank, prioritizing candidate peripheral biomarkers predictive of CNS outcomes.

Indexed as

BrainBrain DiseasesMendelian Randomization AnalysisAllelesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansPhenotypePolymorphism, Single NucleotideQuantitative Trait Loci

Identifiers

PMID39794547
PMCPMC11821528

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.