ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2024
Breed-Associated Differences in Differential Gene Expression Following Immunotherapy-Based Treatment of Canine High-Grade Glioma.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Correction: Arnold et al. Breed-Associated Differences in Differential Gene Expression Following Immunotherapy-Based Treatment of Canine High-Grade Glioma.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Canine high-grade glioma (HGG) is among the deadliest and most treatment-resistant forms of canine cancer. Successful, widespread treatment is challenged by heterogeneity in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment and tumor evolution following treatment. Immunotherapy is theoretically a strong novel therapy, since HGG-generated immunosuppression is a substantial malignancy mechanism. Immunotherapy has improved survival times overall, but has been associated with extremely poor outcomes in French bulldogs. Given this breed-specific observation, we hypothesized that within the French bulldog breed, there are key transcriptomic differences when compared to other breeds, and that their tumors change differently in response to immunotherapy. Using bulk RNA sequencing, French bulldog tumors were confirmed to differ substantially from boxer and Boston terrier tumors, with only 15.9% overlap in significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In upregulated DEGs, the magnitude of changes in expression post-treatment compared to pre-treatment was markedly greater in French bulldogs. Gene set enrichment analysis confirmed that following treatment, French bulldog tumors showed enrichment of key immune-associated pathways previously correlated with poor prognosis. Overall, this study confirmed that French bulldog HGG transcriptomes differ from boxer and Boston terrier transcriptomes, further refining description of the canine glioma transcriptome and providing important information to guide novel therapy development, both for specific dog breeds and for possible correlative variants of human glioblastoma.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.