Evidence mapPaperPMID 39799210Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Application of machine learning in depression risk prediction for connective tissue diseases.

Leilei Yang, Yuzhan Jin, Wei Lu, Xiaoqin Wang, Yuqing Yan, Yulan Tong, Dinglei Su, Kaizong Huang, Jianjun Zou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Leilei Yang *Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Yuzhan Jin *School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
Wei Lu *School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
Xiaoqin WangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Yuqing YanSchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
Yulan TongSchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
Dinglei SuDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. sudinglei@njmu.edu.cn.
Kaizong HuangDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. kzhuang@nju.edu.cn.
Jianjun ZouDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. zoujianjun100@126.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82173899
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study retrospectively collected clinical data from 480 patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs) at Nanjing First Hospital between August 2019 and December 2023 to develop and validate a multi-classification machine learning (ML) model for assessing depression risk. Addressing the limitations of traditional assessment tools, six ML models were constructed using univariate analysis and the LASSO algorithm, with the categorical boosting (Catboost) model emerging as the best performer, demonstrating strong predictive ability across different depression severity levels (none_F1 = 0.879, mild_F1 = 0.627, moderate and severe_F1 = 0.588). Additionally, the study provided an interpretation of the best-performing model using SHAP and developed a user-friendly R Shiny application ( https://macnomogram.shinyapps.io/Catboost/ ) to facilitate clinical use. The findings suggest that the Catboost model represents a significant advancement in assessing depression risk among CTD patients, highlighting the potential of ML in enhancing mental health management for this patient population.

Indexed as

Connective Tissue DiseasesDepressionMachine LearningAdultAlgorithmsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsCatboostConnective tissue diseaseDepressionMachine learningMulti-classification algorithms

Identifiers

PMID39799210
PMCPMC11724928

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.