Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39802181›Full record

ArticlePeerJ2025

Identification of crucial extracellular genes as potential biomarkers in newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes

Ming Gao, Qing Liu, Lingyu Zhang, Fatema Tabak, Yifei Hua, Wei Shao, Yangyang Li, Li Qian, Yu Liu

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Article in PeerJ, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ming GaoDepartment of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Qing LiuDepartment of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Lingyu ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Fatema TabakDepartment of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1240-3451
Yifei HuaDepartment of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Wei ShaoDepartment of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Yangyang LiDepartment of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Li QianDepartment of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Yu LiuDepartment of Endocrinology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to study the role of extracellular proteins as biomarkers associated with newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes (NT1D) diagnosis and prognosis. Patients and Methods: We retrieved and analyzed the GSE55098 microarray dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Using R software, we screened out the extracellular protein-differentially expressed genes (EP-DEGs) through several protein-related databases. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were applied to describe the role and function of these EP-DEGs. We used the STRING database to construct the interaction of proteins, Cytoscape software to visualize the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and its plugin CytoHubba to identify the crucial genes between PPI networks. Finally, we used the comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD) to evaluate the connection between NT1D with the potential crucial genes and we validated our conclusions with another dataset (GSE33440) and some clinical samples. Results: We identified 422 DEGs and 122 EP-DEGs from a dataset that includes (12) NT1D patients compared with (10) healthy people. Protein digestion and absorption, toll-like receptor signaling, and T cell receptor signaling were the most meaningful pathways defined by KEGG enrichment analyses. We recognized nine important extracellular genes: Conclusion: The nine identified key extracellular genes, particularly

Indexed as

Computational BiologyDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1BiomarkersDatabases, GeneticGene Expression ProfilingGene OntologyHumansProtein Interaction MapsBiomarkersBioinformatic gene analysisBiomarkersExtracellular proteinGene expression omnibusType 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID39802181
PMCPMC11725270

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.