ArticleDiscover oncology2025
The immune-related gene CD5 is a prognostic biomarker associated with the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer.
Article in Discover oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The occurrence and progression of breast cancer (BCa) are complex processes involving multiple factors and multiple steps. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in this process, but the functions of immune components and stromal components in the TME require further elucidation. In this study, we obtained the RNA-seq data of 1086 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We calculated the proportions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and immune and stromal components using the CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE methods, and we screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Univariate Cox regression analysis of overall survival was performed on the DEGs, and a protein-protein interaction network of their protein products was generated. Finally, the hub gene CD5 was obtained. High CD5 expression was found to be associated with longer survival than low expression. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that DEGs upregulated in the high-CD5 expression group were mainly enriched in tumor- and immune-related pathways, while those upregulated in the low-expression group were enriched in protein export and lipid synthesis. TIC analysis showed that CD5 expression was positively correlated with the infiltration of CD8
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