ArticleiScience2025
Ancestral SARS-CoV-2 immune imprinting persists on RBD but not NTD after sequential Omicron infections.
Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection reveals imprinted antibody responses in the absence of vaccination.iScience · 2026Article
- Hitting the hidden: arming the immune system for the next zoonotic coronavirus spillover.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Molecular Aspects of Viral Pathogenesis in Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Evolving Mechanisms of Infection and Host Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Discovery of Synergistic Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting Non-Dominant Epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 RBD and NTD.Vaccines · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody specificities differ dramatically between recently infected infants and immune-imprinted individuals.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody specificities differ dramatically between recently infected infants and immune-imprinted individuals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Whether Omicron exposures could overcome ancestral SARS-CoV-2 immune imprinting remains controversial. Here we analyzed B cell responses evoked by sequential Omicron infections in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Plasma neutralizing antibody titers against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and variants indicate that immune imprinting is not consistently induced by inactivated or recombinant protein vaccines. However, once robustly induced, immune imprinting is not countered by successive Omicron challenges. We compared binding specificities, neutralizing capacities, developing origins and targeting epitopes of monoclonal antibodies from those individuals. Although receptor-binding domain (RBD) and N-terminal domain (NTD) of spike are both primary targets for neutralizing antibodies, immune imprinting only shapes antibody responses to RBD by impeding the production of Omicron-specific neutralizing antibodies while facilitating the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies. We propose that immune imprinting can be either neglected by NTD-based vaccines to induce variant-specific antibodies or leveraged by RBD-containing vaccines to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.