Evidence mapPaperPMID 39808307Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2025

Monounsaturated fatty acids from plant or animal sources and risk of type 2 diabetes in three large prospective cohorts of men and women.

Zhangling Chen, Frank Qian, Binkai Liu, Geng Zong, Yanping Li, Frank B Hu, Qi Sun

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetologia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zhangling ChenDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Frank QianDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Binkai LiuDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Geng ZongCAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai, China.
Yanping LiDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Frank B HuDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Qi SunDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. qisun@hsph.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-1563

Funding

Life Course Cancer Epidemiology Cohort in WomenU01CA176726 · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · 2025 to 2025
$6.4M
RISK FACTORS FOR CVD IN WOMENR01HL034594 · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · 1985 to 2025
$3.5M
BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC MARKERS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES RISKR01DK058845 · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · 2001 to 2005
$3.0M
DIETARY ETIOLOGIES OF HEART DISEASE AND CANCERR01HL035464 · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · 1986 to 2005
$2.2M
Human Gut Microbiome and Incident Diabetes Risk in U.S. PopulationsR01DK126698 · NIDDK · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Qibin Qi, Qi Sun · 2022 to 2024
$1.8M
Cancer Epidemiology Cohort in Male Health ProfessionalsU01CA167552 · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · 2025 to 2025
$1.5M
Metabolomics Core for the Dietary Biomarkers Development Center at Harvard UniversityU2CDK129670 · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · 2025 to 2025
$1.3M
Ultra-processed Foods, Diet Quality, and Cardiometabolic Health: An Inter-disciplinary Trans-Atlantic Collaborative ProjectR01DK120870 · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · 2025 to 2025
$843k
DIETARY PATTERNS AND RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASER01HL060712 · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · 1998 to 2005
$763k
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, apolipoproteins, and risk of coronary heart diseaseR01ES036206 · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · 2025 to 2025
$703k
Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke in WomenR01HL088521 · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · 2025 to 2025
$682k
NCI NIH HHS U01 CA167552NCI NIH HHS U01 CA176726NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA167552NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA186107NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL034594NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL035464NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL060712NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL088521NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK058845NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK082486NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK119268NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK120870NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK126698NIDDK NIH HHS U2C DK129670NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES022981NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES036206
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisExisting evidence on the relationship between intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and type 2 diabetes is conflicting. Few studies have examined whether MUFAs from plant or animal sources (MUFA-Ps and MUFA-As, respectively) exhibit differential associations with type 2 diabetes. We examined associations of intakes of total MUFAs, MUFA-Ps and MUFA-As with type 2 diabetes risk.

methodsWe used data from 51,290 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1990-2016), 61,703 women in the Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2017) and 29,497 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1990-2016). Using food frequency questionnaires and food composition tables, we calculated MUFA-P and MUFA-A intakes every 4 years and modelled their associations with type 2 diabetes using Cox regression models.

resultsDuring 3,268,512 person-years of follow-up, we documented 13,211 incident type 2 diabetes cases. After multivariate adjustment, total MUFA intake was associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk, with HR for Q5 vs Q1 of 1.10 (95% CI 1.01, 1.22). MUFA-Ps and MUFA-As demonstrated divergent associations, with HRs of 0.87 (95% CI 0.81, 0.94) and 1.34 (1.23, 1.45), respectively. In substitution analyses, HRs were 0.92 (95% CI 0.86, 0.99) for replacing 2% of energy from trans fatty acids or 0.72 (0.66, 0.78) and 0.82 (0.77, 0.88) for replacing 5% from MUFA-As and 5% from the sum of saturated fatty acids and MUFA-As with MUFA-Ps, respectively. Substituting MUFA-As for saturated fatty acids and refined carbohydrates was associated with a 43% and 33% higher risk, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationHigher intake of MUFA-Ps was associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk, whereas increased intake of MUFA-As was associated with higher risk. Replacing saturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids and MUFA-As with MUFA-Ps may be beneficial for type 2 diabetes prevention.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Fatty Acids, MonounsaturatedAdultAnimalsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsFatty Acids, MonounsaturatedDiabetesEpidemiologyMonounsaturated fatNutritionPrevention

Identifiers

PMID39808307
PMCPMC12308698

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.