Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39809787›Full record

ArticleCell death & disease2025

Helicobacter pylori CagA promotes gastric cancer immune escape by upregulating SQLE.

Sifan Liu, Nan Zhang, Xu Ji, Shuyue Yang, Zheng Zhao, Peng Li

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell death & disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Gut microbes · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Crosstalk between protein lipidation and ubiquitination in tumor biology.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Integrated virulence-resistance profiling ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Progress in immunotherapy forFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review
  14. Current concepts of Helicobacter pylori infection.European journal of medical research · 2025
    Review
  15. Pathogenicity ofWorld journal of clinical oncology · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Targeting SQLE-mediated cholesterol metabolism to enhance CD8Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sifan Liu *Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Laboratory for Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China.
Nan Zhang *Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Laboratory for Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China. zhangnan_2020@126.com.ORCID 0000-0002-3353-2359
Xu JiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Laboratory for Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China.
Shuyue YangDepartment of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Laboratory for Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China.
Zheng ZhaoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Laboratory for Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China.
Peng LiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, State Key Laboratory for Digestive Health, National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China. lipeng@ccmu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0003-2927-2758

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82070575National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82103198
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a well-established risk factor for gastric cancer, primarily due to its virulence factor, cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA). Although PD-L1/PD-1-mediated immune evasion is critical in cancer development, the impact of CagA on PD-L1 regulation remains unclear. This study revealed that H. pylori CagA upregulated squalene epoxidase (SQLE) expression, a key enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Elevated SQLE activity increased cellular palmitoyl-CoA levels, enhancing PD-L1 palmitoylation while decreasing its ubiquitination. This ultimately increases PD-L1 stability, suppressing T cell activity and facilitating immune evasion in gastric cancer. In summary, our findings highlight the crucial role of the CagA-SQLE-PD-L1 axis in gastric cancer progression, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for targeting CagA-positive gastric cancer.

Indexed as

Antigens, BacterialBacterial ProteinsHelicobacter pyloriImmune EvasionStomach NeoplasmsTumor EscapeAnimalsB7-H1 AntigenCell Line, TumorHelicobacter InfectionsHumansMiceUp-RegulationAntigens, BacterialB7-H1 AntigenBacterial ProteinscagA protein, Helicobacter pyloriCD274 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID39809787
PMCPMC11733131

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.