ArticleFrontiers in public health2024
Effectiveness of interventions to prevent drowning among children under age 20 years: a global scoping review.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Basic swimming or water safety skills training for drowning prevention in children: an updated systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Correlation analysis of fundamental movement skills level and aquatic competence acquisition in children aged 4-6 years.Frontiers in public health · 2026Trial
- A scoping review of the literature on effectiveness of legislative and regulatory measures to prevent drowning.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Leave no one behind: An African perspective on the first World Health Organization Global Status Report on Drowning Prevention.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2026Article
- Construction of an Interpretive Structural Model-Analytic Network Process model for preschool children's drowning risk factors based on the Haddon matrix.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Subnational inequalities and preventable gaps in drowning premature mortality and non-fatal health loss among population younger than 20 years.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Socio-economic, demographic, and environmental characteristics of child drowning on Sandwip Island, Bangladesh.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of seawater drowning cases in Sinop, a Turkish coastal city: a 13-year retrospective study.BMC emergency medicine · 2025Observational
- The status of drowning prevention and control in the region of the Americas.Injury epidemiology · 2025Review
- Effectiveness of interventions to prevent drowning among children under age 20 years: a global scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Morbidity and mortality of pediatric drowning in Qatar: an epidemiological analysis of submersion encounters at a level I pediatric trauma center.Annals of Saudi medicineObservational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Drowning is a leading cause of death among young children. The United Nations Resolution on global drowning prevention (2021) and World Health Assembly Resolution in 2023 have drawn attention to the issue. This scoping review synthesizes the current evidence on the effectiveness of child drowning prevention interventions since the 2008 World Report on Child Injury Prevention and implications for their implementation. Methods: Quantitative studies published between 2008 and 2023 focusing on interventions targeting unintentional injuries, including drowning, among children and adolescents under age 20 years were searched on Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Epistemonikos, PubMed, and Embase. Relevant data on interventions were extracted using a pre-defined template on Microsoft Excel. This scoping review focuses on the interventions addressing drowning. Results: Overall, 12 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Evidence generated between 2008 and 2023 support the effectiveness of introducing barriers around water bodies, immediate resuscitation and first-responder training, and use of personal floatation devices (PFDs). Basic swimming and water safety skills training for children ages 6 years and older, and enacting and enforcing regulations on pool fencing and PFD use were found to be promising based on new evidence published since 2008. This scoping review also found evidence on new interventions studied since 2008, such as close adult supervision, inspections of safety standards of pools, and the use of door barriers and playpens, all of which demand further research to ensure context-specific implementation in LMICs. Conclusion: While there is evidence to support both existing and new interventions, most of the available interventions are still classified as promising and emerging, underlining the need for further evaluation of those interventions in diverse settings (including low and middle- income) through effectiveness studies and implementation research. In addition, it is important to highlight the nexus between drowning prevention and the Sustainable Development Goals to advocate multisectoral and interdisciplinary collaboration, to influence the broader child health agenda.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.