ReviewJournal of nanobiotechnology2025
Critical updates on oral insulin drug delivery systems for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Review in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Oromucosal films for peptide delivery: formulation strategies using permeation enhancers and polymers.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Acrylamide Exposure Exacerbates Type 2 Diabetes-Induced Neurotoxicity: An Integrated Neurobehavioral and Molecular Investigation.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Efficient Oral Insulin Delivery Through Thiolated Trimethyl Chitosan-Grafted β-Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Polymeric soft materials with molecular recognition: from static binding to dynamic functions in gels, particles, and interfaces.Science and technology of advanced materials · 2026Review
- Bioactives in Food-As-Medicine for Special Medical Purposes.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Review
- Liposomal Nanosystems Versus Hydrogels in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Targeting the Oral Mucosa: Emerging Drug Delivery Platforms and the Therapeutic Potential of Glycosaminoglycans.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Biochemical and molecular evaluation of resveratrol and selenium nanoparticles in managing type 2 diabetes and its complications.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prognostic Role of TSH Within Euthyroid T2DM Patients with Retinopathy: A 3-Year Cohort Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Advanced oral drug delivery systems for gastrointestinal targeted delivery: the design principles and foundations.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Unlocking the dual healing powers of plant-based metallic nanoparticles: managing diabetes and tackling male infertility challenges.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. Exogenous insulin can counteract the diminished response to insulin and effectively controlling blood glucose levels, thereby minimizing diabetes-related complications. However, given the injectable nature of exogenous insulin, apprehensions regarding its safety and the difficulties associated with its administration have hindered its widespread and prompt utilization. In this context, advanced oral insulin formulations can improve medication adherence in patients with diabetes and enhance their quality of life. Over the last 20 years, sophisticated pharmaceutical technologies have been utilized to provide insulin through oral formulations. Despite the limited absorption of oral insulin, these studies have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in translating clinical discoveries into commercialization. This review examines the advancements of several oral insulin formulations in preclinical and clinical trials, their effectiveness and safety characteristics, and potential implications for future treatment options.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.