Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39825474›Full record

ArticlePhysiological reports2025

The effect of a combined long-duration static stretching and resistance training regimen on a competitive bodybuilder: A case study.

Kai A Homer, Eric R Helms, Alyssa-Joy Spence

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Physiological reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kai A HomerSport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-0809
Eric R HelmsSport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4849-9336
Alyssa-Joy SpenceSport Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8769-8525

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Both resistance training (RT) and long-duration, high-intensity stretching induce muscular adaptations; however, it is unknown whether the modalities are complementary or redundant, particularly in well-trained individuals. A case-study was conducted on a competitive bodybuilder implementing long-duration, high-intensity stretching of the plantar flexors (60 min 6x/week for 12 weeks) in conjunction with their habitual RT. Ultrasound muscle architecture (muscle thickness [MT], fascicle length [FL], and pennation angle [PA]) measurements were collected at multiple sites at four weekly baseline sessions, six (mid) and 12 (post1) weeks following the commencement of the intervention, and a week after the intervention (post2) while isometric strength and range of motion (RoM) were obtained once at baseline, mid, post1, and post2. 2SD band plots were constructed to determine meaningful changes in MT, FL, and PA from the four baseline measures while percentage and absolute change across each timepoint were calculated for all variables. From baseline to post 1, RoM, strength, and MT increased 25.9%, 11.4%, and 7.4%-23.4%, respectively, while four MT and two PA sites exceeded the threshold for meaningful change. The combined stretching and RT protocols resulted in flexibility, strength, and MT adaptations; however, findings should be generalized with caution given the case-study nature of our investigation.

Indexed as

Muscle, SkeletalMuscle Stretching ExercisesResistance TrainingWeight LiftingAdultHumansMaleMuscle StrengthRange of Motion, Articularcase reportchronic stretchingmuscle architecturerange of motionresistance training

Identifiers

PMID39825474
PMCPMC11824903

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.