ArticleAnnals of botany2025
A new phylogenetic framework for the genus Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae) and implications for infrageneric classification.
Article in Annals of botany, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- A PROMOTER::LUCIFERASE reporter system reveals key elements of the circadian regulation of Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in Kalanchoë laxiflora Baker.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Plastid and nuclear phylogenomics of Cyphostemma (Vitaceae) provide new insights into genome size evolution across sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of integrative plant biology · 2026Article
- The winner takes it all: a single genotype of Kalanchoe × houghtonii is a global invader.Annals of botany · 2025Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsKalanchoe is a diverse genus in the Crassulaceae, with centres of diversity in Madagascar and sub-Saharan Africa. The genus is known for its popularity in horticulture, its use as a model system for research on CAM photosynthesis and vegetative reproduction, its high invasive potential and its use in traditional medicine. The genus-rank circumscription and infrageneric classification of Kalanchoe have been the subject of debate for centuries, especially regarding the status and rank of what is now treated as K. subg. Bryophyllum and K. subg. Kitchingia. We aim to generate a densely sampled phylogeny of Kalanchoe s.l. and evaluate the current infrageneric classification system.
methodsWe inferred a phylogenetic tree for Kalanchoe using a ddRAD sequencing approach, covering 70 % of taxa and four out of five subgenera currently recognized in the genus. KEY
resultsWe recovered four well-supported clades, partially corresponding to the current subgeneric classification. Kalanchoe subg. Calophygia resolves as sister to the rest of the genus. The relationships among the three remaining clades, however, receive less support. The predominantly mainland African K. subg. Kalanchoe forms a strongly supported clade that resolves as sister to K. subg. Bryophyllum. These two clades are together sister to a clade containing mainly species from K. subg. Kitchingia and K. sect. Pubescentes.
conclusionsThe current subgeneric classification of Kalanchoe is partially backed up by our phylogenetic tree but requires further refinement. The tree topology suggests a Malagasy origin of the genus and one dispersal event to the African mainland, with subsequent dispersal from continental Africa to the Arabian Peninsula and Southeast Asia. The formation of bulbils on the leaf margin is restricted to a larger clade within K. subg. Bryophyllum and thus only evolved once. Our tree provides a framework for further taxonomic, evolutionary and physiological research on the genus.
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