Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39827770›Full record

ArticlePatient education and counseling2025

"The doctor will see you now… but not for long": Linking physicians' racial attitudes and patients' discrimination experiences to racial disparities in the duration of medical consultations.

Emerson Do Bú, Susan Eggly, Louis Penner, Nao Hagiwara

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Patient education and counseling, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Emerson Do BúInstitute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Psychology, ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. Electronic address: emerson.bu@campus.ul.pt.
Susan EgglyDepartment of Oncology, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.
Louis PennerDepartment of Oncology, Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.
Nao HagiwaraDepartment of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

Funding

A Multilevel Intervention to Increase the Participation of African Americans in Prostate Cancer Clinical TrialsR01CA200718 · NCI · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI EGGLY, SUSAN S. · 2016 to 2020
$3.2M
Detroit CNP: "Social Network Analysis for CNP Partnerships"U01CA114583 · NCI · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI ALBRECHT, TERRANCE L · 2005 to 2010
$3.0M
Unveiling the role of physician implicit bias and communication behaviors in dissatisfaction, mistrust, and nonadherence in Black patients with Type 2 diabetesR01DK112009 · NIDDK · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI HAGIWARA, NAO · 2017 to 2020
$1.7M
Using Doctor-Patient Teams to Reduce Health DisparitiesR21HD050450 · NICHD · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI PENNER, LOUIS A. · 2006 to 2007
$351k
The Role of Racial Attitudes in Medical Interactions and Health DisparitiesR03NR013249 · NINR · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI EGGLY, SUSAN S. · 2012 to 2013
$148k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA200718NCI NIH HHS U01 CA114583NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD050450NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK112009NINR NIH HHS R03 NR013249
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the relationship between non-Black physicians' racial attitudes, Black patients' discrimination experiences, and consultation duration in diverse clinical settings.

methodsSecondary analyses were conducted on data from three prior studies involving non-Black primary care physicians (Study 1: n = 14, Study 2: n = 5) and their Black patients (Study 1: n = 118, Study 2: n = 31), as well as 15 non-Black oncologists and their 72 Black patients (Study 3). Data included physician and patient surveys, along with video-recorded consultations.

resultsStudy 1 revealed that, relative to other physicians, physicians whose racial attitudes fit an aversive racist profile (i.e., low explicit racial bias, high implicit bias) had longer consultations with Black patients who reported more (vs. fewer) discrimination experiences. Study 2 and 3 found that physicians' implicit racial bias is negatively associated with consultation duration. Finally, a meta-analysis supported the effects of aversive racism and patients' discrimination experiences on consultation duration. DISCUSSION: These findings demonstrate how physicians' racial attitudes and patients' discrimination experiences can affect medical consultation duration-an important aspect of patient-provider communication quality. PRACTICAL VALUE: These results provide initial evidence for the importance of helping physicians manage the negative consequences of their implicit bias within the current structural constraints of limited medical consultation time and empowering Black patients to advocate for their healthcare needs.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelBlack or African AmericanHealthcare DisparitiesPhysician-Patient RelationsPhysiciansRacismReferral and ConsultationAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesTime FactorsConsultation durationExplicit biasHealthcare disparitiesImplicit biasPatient-physician communication

Identifiers

PMID39827770
PMCPMC12742513

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.