Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39828796›Full record

ArticleProgress in orthodontics2025

Three-dimensional quantitative temporomandibular joint changes in skeletal class I malocclusion treated with extraction and non-extraction protocols: a comparative study of fixed orthodontic appliances and clear aligners.

Majedh Abdo Ali Al-Somairi, Bowen Zheng, Xaiofeng Yang, Yongxin Zhang, Maged S Alhammadi, Hao Xu, Najah Alhashimi, Bushra Sufyan Almaqrami, Naseem Ali Al-Worafi, Enas Senan Alyafrusee and 2 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Progress in orthodontics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Majedh Abdo Ali Al-Somairi *Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China.
Bowen Zheng *Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China.
Xaiofeng YangDepartment of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China.
Yongxin ZhangDepartment of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China.
Maged S AlhammadiDepartment of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Hao XuDepartment of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China.
Najah AlhashimiUnit and Division Chief Orthodontics at Hamad Medical Corporation, and associate professor, College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Bushra Sufyan AlmaqramiOrthodontics Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen.
Naseem Ali Al-WorafiDepartment of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China.
Enas Senan AlyafruseeDepartment of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China.
Barakat Al-TayarDepartment of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China.
Yi LiuDepartment of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, P.R. China. liuyi@cmu.edu.cn.

Funding

Basic Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Liaoning Province LJKMZ20221190Liaoning Province Doctoral Research Start-up Fund projectLiaoning Province Doctoral Research Start-up Fund project 2022-BS-150
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the positional and morphological changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adult patients with skeletal Class I malocclusion treated with fixed orthodontic appliances (FAs) and clear aligners (CAs), both with and without premolar extractions.

methodsThis retrospective study involved 120 adult patients divided into non-extraction and extraction groups, each further subdivided equally into those treated with FAs and CAs. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to assess the TMJ measurements before (T0) and after treatment (T1). Statistical analyses were conducted to compare the mean changes in intra- and inter-groups. A significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was considered.

resultsIn the non-extraction group, specifically in FAs, significant increases were observed in TMJ parameters; anteroposterior condylar position (APCP) and mediolateral condylar inclination (MCI). Conversely, significant decreases were noted in vertical condylar position (VCP) and vertical condylar inclination (VCI). In the extraction group, significant increases were noted in APCP and anterior joint space (AJS), while posterior joint space (PJS) and anteroposterior condylar joint position (APCJP) decreased. For inter-group comparisons, the extraction group showed significant increases in APCP in FAs compared to CAs, and a significant decrease in APCJP in FAs compared to CAs.

conclusionFAs significantly impact condylar positions and joint spaces, especially in extraction cases. Monitoring TMJ parameters during orthodontic treatment is crucial to ensure positive outcomes and prevent TMJ disorders (TMDs). These findings may guide the selection of orthodontic appliances based on individual malocclusion characteristics.

Indexed as

Imaging, Three-DimensionalMalocclusion, Angle Class IOrthodontic Appliances, FixedTemporomandibular JointTooth ExtractionAdolescentAdultBicuspidCone-Beam Computed TomographyFemaleHumansMaleMandibular CondyleOrthodontic Appliance DesignRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultClear alignersCone beam computed tomographyExtractionFixed appliancesMalocclusionNon-extractionTemporomandibular joint

Identifiers

PMID39828796
PMCPMC11743406

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.