Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39832362›Full record

ReviewInteractive journal of medical research2025

Integration of Conventional and Virtual Reality Approaches in Augmented Reality for Theory-Based Psychoeducational Intervention Design for Chronic Low Back Pain: Scoping Review.

Robin Conen, Steffen Mueller, Ana Nanette Tibubos

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Interactive journal of medical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07492784 (Investigation of the Effect of a Virtual Reality-Based Back School Program on Pain, Functionality, and Kinesiophobia), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07492784 nacompletednot on this map

Investigation of the Effect of a Virtual Reality-Based Back School Program on Pain, Functionality, and Kinesiophobia

TypeinterventionalSponsorHacettepe UniversityRan2024 to 2026Enrolled39ConditionsChronic Back and Leg PainArmsBack school education integrated with a VR headset
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Robin Conen *Department of Nursing Science, Diagnostics in Healthcare and eHealth, Trier University, Trier, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2811-6526
Steffen MuellerDepartment of Computer Science/Therapeutic Science, Trier University of Applied Sciences, Trier, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-6243
Ana Nanette TibubosDepartment of Nursing Science, Diagnostics in Healthcare and eHealth, Trier University, Trier, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4284-0019

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPsychoeducation positively influences the psychological components of chronic low back pain (CLBP) in conventional treatments. The digitalization of health care has led to the discussion of virtual reality (VR) interventions. However, CLBP treatments in VR have some limitations due to full immersion. In comparison, augmented reality (AR) supplements the real world with virtual elements involving one's own body sensory perception and can combine conventional and VR approaches.

objectiveThe aim of this study was to review the state of research on the treatment of CLBP through psychoeducation, including immersive technologies, and to formulate suggestions for psychoeducation in AR for CLBP.

methodsA scoping review following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines was performed in August 2024 by using Livivo ZB MED, PubMed, Web of Science, American Psychological Association PsycINFO (PsycArticle), and PsyArXiv Preprints databases. A qualitative content analysis of the included studies was conducted based on 4 deductively extracted categories.

resultsWe included 12 studies published between 2019 and 2024 referring to conventional and VR-based psychoeducation for CLBP treatment, but no study referred to AR. In these studies, educational programs were combined with physiotherapy, encompassing content on pain biology, psychological education, coping strategies, and relaxation techniques. The key outcomes were pain intensity, kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, degree of disability, quality of life, well-being, self-efficacy, depression, attrition rate, and user experience. Passive, active, and gamified strategies were used to promote intrinsic motivation from a psychological point of view. Regarding user experience from a software development perspective, user friendliness, operational support, and application challenges were recommended.

conclusionsFor the development of a framework for an AR-based psychoeducational intervention for CLBP, the combination of theories of acceptance and use of technologies with insights from health psychological behavior change theories appears to be of great importance. An example of a theory-based design of a psychoeducation intervention in AR for CLBP is proposed and discussed.

Indexed as

augmented realitychronic low back paineducationinterventionpain managementvirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID39832362
PMCPMC11791447

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.