Evidence mapPaperPMID 39833700Full record

SynthesisBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025

Prevalence, risk factors, and adverse outcomes of bacterial vaginosis among pregnant women: a systematic review.

Neha Sethi, Vallikkannu Narayanan, Rahmah Saaid, Aizura Syafinaz Ahmad Adlan, Soo Tein Ngoi, Cindy Shuan Ju Teh, Mashitah Hamidi, WHOW research group

Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07592286 (Systematic Screening of Lower Genital Tract Infections in Pregnant Women for Gestational and Neonatal Outcomes), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07592286 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Systematic Screening of Lower Genital Tract Infections in Pregnant Women for Gestational and Neonatal Outcomes: a Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidade Federal do PampaRan2026 to 2028Enrolled250ConditionsNeonatal Outcomes, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Premature Birth, Premature Rupture of Fetal MembranesArmsEnhanced microbiological screening, Standard prenatal care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Prevalence ofInternational journal of women's health · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Prevalence of Bacterial Vaginosis of Pregnant Women in the General Hospital Tesanj.Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) · 2025
    Article
  13. PeerJ · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Neha SethiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia. s_neha26@um.edu.my.
Vallikkannu NarayananDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
Rahmah SaaidDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
Aizura Syafinaz Ahmad AdlanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
Soo Tein NgoiDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
Cindy Shuan Ju TehDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
Mashitah HamidiDepartment of Social Administration & Justice, Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Asbah, Razali, 50603, Malaysia.
WHOW research group

Funding

Universiti Malaya Impact-Oriented Interdisciplinary Research Grant (IIRG) IIRG001A-2021HWB
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBacterial vaginosis (BV) is one of the most common genital tract infections among women of reproductive age. The existence of BV among pregnant women has momentously attracted the attention of both clinicians and the scientific community due to its potential link with adverse clinical outcomes in pregnancy.

methodsTo evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, and adverse outcomes of bacterial vaginosis among pregnant women, a comprehensive systematic review was conducted based on the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses (PRISMA) criteria. PubMed, ScienceDirect, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane database searches were conducted independently by two authors until May 13th, 2023.

resultsThe search strategies yielded a total of 2237 records; among them, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Majority of the included studies demonstrated a high prevalence of BV among African women. The risk of developing BV during pregnancy was highest among women with multiple sexual partners. Additionally, factors including age, socioeconomic status, unhygienic practices, ethnicity, 2nd trimester, spontaneous abortion, vaginal douching, symptoms, and history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were also associated with a higher prevalence of BV. Overall, 7 studies reported adverse outcomes during pregnancy which was directly associated with BV. Based on the review, it was found that PROM, PTB, and LBW were the most frequently reported adverse outcomes in pregnant women with BV.

conclusionIn summary, the high prevalence of bacterial vaginosis necessitates a global surveillance approach to delineate the health risks imposed on both mother and child, and promote cost-effective strategic measures to alleviate the undesired consequences of BV during pregnancy.

Indexed as

Pregnancy Complications, InfectiousVaginosis, BacterialAdultFemaleHumansPregnancyPregnancy OutcomePrevalenceRisk FactorsAdverse outcomesBacterial vaginosisPregnancyPrevalenceRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID39833700
PMCPMC11744995

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.