Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39835569›Full record

ArticleEndocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets2026

Metabolomic Analysis of the Effects of Canagliflozin on HFpEF Rats and Its Underlying Mechanism

Guorui Zhang, Qingjuan Zuo, Sai Ma, Lili He, Zhongli Wang, Jianlong Zhai, Tingting Zhang, Yan Wang, Yifang Guo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Guorui ZhangDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.ORCID 0009-0005-7591-5234
Qingjuan ZuoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Sai MaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Lili HeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Zhongli WangDepartment of Physical Examination Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Jianlong ZhaiDepartment of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Tingting ZhangDepartment of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Yan WangDepartment of Geriatric Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Yifang GuoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a challenging cardiovascular condition characterized by normal systolic function but impaired diastolic performance. Despite its increasing prevalence, therapeutic options remain limited. This study investigated the metabolic effects of canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on cardiac function and energy metabolism in HFpEF.

methodsWe established a rat model of HFpEF using Dahl salt-sensitive rats and evaluated three experimental groups: control (A), HFpEF (B), and canagliflozin-treated HFpEF (C). This study carried out comprehensive analyses of cardiac structure and function, metabolomic profiling, and detailed assessment of myocardial energy metabolism, including mitochondrial respiratory capacity and ATP synthesis. Additionally, we validated our findings using H9C2 cardiomyocytes under controlled conditions.

resultsCanagliflozin treatment significantly improved cardiac remodeling markers, including reduced myocardial volume and fibrosis area, while enhancing diastolic function (E/A ratio). Metabolomic analysis revealed normalization of hypermetabolic states, with significant reductions in key metabolites, including L-lysine, D-glucose, and uridine. The treatment restored balance in multiple metabolic pathways, particularly affecting β-alanine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and the citrate cycle. Notably, canagliflozin enhanced mitochondrial respiratory function, increased ATP synthesis, and optimized fatty acid utilization, as evidenced by reduced free fatty acid content.

conclusionOur findings demonstrated that canagliflozin exerts cardioprotective effects through multiple metabolic pathways, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic option for HFpEF. The ability of the drug to optimize energy metabolism and improve mitochondrial function represents a novel mechanism for treating this challenging condition.

Indexed as

CanagliflozinHeart FailureMetabolomeMetabolomicsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsStroke VolumeAnimalsEnergy MetabolismMaleMyocytes, CardiacRatsRats, Inbred DahlCanagliflozinSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsCanagliflozinHFpEFhypertensionmetabonomics.

Identifiers

PMID39835569
PMCPMC13358772

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.