Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39837698›Full record

SynthesisBritish journal of anaesthesia2025

Impact of intravenous antihypertensive therapy on cerebral blood flow and neurocognition: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kylie S Meacham, Jacob D Schmidt, Yanhua Sun, Mads Rasmussen, Ziyue Liu, David C Adams, Kevin M Backfish-White, Lingzhong Meng

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in British journal of anaesthesia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kylie S MeachamDepartment of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Jacob D SchmidtDepartment of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Yanhua SunDepartment of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Mads RasmussenDepartment of Anesthesiology, Section of Neuroanesthesia, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Ziyue LiuDepartment of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
David C AdamsDepartment of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Kevin M Backfish-WhiteDepartment of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Lingzhong MengDepartment of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Electronic address: menglz@iu.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIntravenous antihypertensivedrugs are commonly used in acute care settings, yet their impact on cerebral blood flow (CBF) remains uncertain.

methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis of 50 studies evaluated the effects of commonly used i.v. antihypertensive agents on CBF in normotensive, hypertensive, and intracranial pathology populations. Meta-analyses used standardised mean differences (SMD), stratified by population type, consciousness state, antihypertensive agent, and CBF measurement method.

resultsIntravenous antihypertensivedrug therapy significantly reduced CBF in normotensive individuals without intracranial pathology (SMD -0.31, 95% confidence interval -0.51 to -0.11), primarily driven by nitroprusside and nitroglycerin in awake subjects (SMD -0.80, 95% confidence interval -1.15 to -0.46), with a median CBF decrease of 14% (interquartile range 13-16%) and a median mean arterial pressure reduction of 17% (interquartile range 9-22%). Other antihypertensives showed no significant effects on CBF in normotensive individuals, nor were changes observed in hypertensive patients or those with intracranial pathology when the median mean arterial pressure reduction was ∼20%. No correlation was found between mean arterial pressure reduction and CBF change, supporting intact cerebral autoregulation. Historical data revealed neurocognitive changes when CBF fell to ∼30 ml 100 g

conclusionsMost i.v. antihypertensive agents do not significantly affect CBF in clinical dose ranges; however, nitroprusside and nitroglycerin can reduce CBF under specific clinical conditions. The certainty of evidence remains low. Neurocognitive changes appear to depend on the magnitude of blood pressure and CBF reductions. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW PROTOCOL: PROSPERO (CRD42024511954).

Indexed as

Antihypertensive AgentsCerebrovascular CirculationCognitionAdministration, IntravenousHumansHypertensionAntihypertensive Agentsarterial blood pressurecerebral blood flowhypotensionintravenous antihypertensive drugsmeta-analysisneurocognitive outcomessystematic review

Identifiers

PMID39837698
PMCPMC11867080

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.