ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2024
Dietary glycemic and insulin indices with the risk of osteoporosis: results from the Iranian teachers cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a chronic condition characterized by reduced bone strength and an elevated risk of fractures. The influence of diet and glucose metabolism on bone health and the development of osteoporosis has been an area of interest. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between dietary glycemic index (DGI), dietary glycemic load (DGL), dietary insulin index (DII), dietary insulin load (DIL), and the odds of osteoporosis among Iranian adults. Methods: Data from 12,696 Iranian teachers (35-50 years) in a cross-sectional study on diet, nutrition, physical activity, and diseases were analyzed. The participants had no history of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, thrombosis, or cancer and consumed between 800 and 4,200 kcal/day. We estimated DGI, DGL, DII, and DIL from a validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). We also diagnosed osteoporosis using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: In the fully adjusted model, higher DGI and DGL were significantly associated with increased odds of osteoporosis (OR = 1.78 and 1.46 for the highest vs. the lowest tertile; Conclusion: Although our study showed that high DGI/DGL increased osteoporosis risk in Iranian teachers, no association was found between DII/DIL and osteoporosis prevalence. More research is needed to confirm these results and understand the mechanisms involved.
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