ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2025
Association between use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor and the risk of incident dementia: a population-based cohort study.
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Risk of Dementia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Using SGLT2 Inhibitors Versus DPP-4 Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of antidiabetic drugs on dementia risk: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026 · on this mapPooled it
- Comparative effects of SGLT2 inhibitors and incretin-based therapies on dementia risk in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative dementia risk with GLP1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, or DPP4 inhibitors: a population-based cohort study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- Risk Factors, Pathological Changes, and Potential Treatment of Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Dysfunction.Journal of diabetes · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo assess the association between sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) use and the risk of incident dementia compared with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) use among individuals with type 2 diabetes.
designA population-based retrospective cohort study.
settingThe Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum database from the UK.
participantsIndividuals with type 2 diabetes, aged 40 years or older, newly prescribed SGLT-2i or DPP-4i on or after 2013-2021, registered in the CPRD Aurum database.
main outcome measureThe primary outcome was incident dementia, and the secondary outcome was incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the HR and corresponding 95% CI for the primary and secondary outcomes. Propensity score fine stratification weights were used to adjust for confounding.
resultsAmong a cohort of 118 006 individuals, the incident rate (IR) of dementia was 0.56/1000 person-years over a median follow-up period of 1.54 years among SGLT-2i users compared with 2.67/1000 person-years in DPP-4i users, over a median follow-up period of 1.79 years. The adjusted HR for SGLT-2i use compared with DPP-4i use for dementia was 0.78 (95% CI 0.55 to 1.12), while for MCI was 0.86 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.92). The age-specific stratified analysis demonstrated the adjusted HR for SGLT-2i use compared with DPP-4i use for the risk of incident dementia among elderly, aged ≥65 years, was 0.50 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.80).
conclusionPrimary findings did not yield conclusive evidence to infer an association between SGLT-2i use and the risk of incident dementia.
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