Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39843445›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Nonapoptotic caspase-3 guides C1q-dependent synaptic phagocytosis by microglia.

Megumi Andoh, Natsuki Shinoda, Yusuke Taira, Tasuku Araki, Yuka Kasahara, Haruki Takeuchi, Masayuki Miura, Yuji Ikegaya, Ryuta Koyama

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Microglia extract neuronal proteolytic organelles via skoupocytosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Microglial phagocytosis in Alzheimer disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Megumi AndohDepartment of Translational Neurobiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
Natsuki Shinoda *Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
Yusuke Taira *Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
Tasuku ArakiLaboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4904-398X
Yuka KasaharaLaboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
Haruki TakeuchiLaboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.
Masayuki MiuraDepartment of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7444-5705
Yuji IkegayaLaboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2260-8191
Ryuta KoyamaDepartment of Translational Neurobiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan. ryutakoyama@ncnp.go.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7108-174X

Funding

Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) 23836218MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) 20H05897MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) 21H04774MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) 23H04766MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) 24H00567MEXT | JST | Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) JPMJER1801
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Caspases are known to mediate neuronal apoptosis during brain development. However, here we show that nonapoptotic activation of caspase-3 at presynapses drives microglial synaptic phagocytosis. Real-time observation and spatiotemporal manipulation of synaptic caspase-3 in the newly established, mouse-derived culture system demonstrate that increased neuronal activity triggers localized presynaptic caspase-3 activation, facilitating synaptic tagging by complements. High-resolution live imaging reveals that caspase-3 activation promotes synapse-selective complement-dependent microglial phagocytosis without axonal shearing. Furthermore, activity-dependent caspase-3 activation at inhibitory presynapses induces microglial phagocytosis in mice and increases seizure susceptibility. This increased susceptibility is reversed by genetic depletion of microglial complement receptors. Thus, localized, nonapoptotic caspase activity guides complement-dependent microglial synaptic phagocytosis and remodels neuronal circuits.

Indexed as

Caspase 3Complement C1qMicrogliaPhagocytosisSynapsesAnimalsApoptosisCells, CulturedMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutNeuronsReceptors, ComplementSeizuresCasp3 protein, mouseCaspase 3Complement C1qReceptors, Complement

Identifiers

PMID39843445
PMCPMC11754728

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.