Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39843447›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

PRMT1-methylated MSX1 phase separates to control palate development.

Li Meng, Yucheng Jiang, Jiawen You, Yatao Chen, Shuyu Guo, Liming Chen, Junqing Ma

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Li Meng *State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Yucheng Jiang *State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-8127-1446
Jiawen YouState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Yatao ChenDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
Shuyu GuoState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Liming ChenJiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. chenliming1981@u.nus.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7782-9824
Junqing MaState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. jma@njmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-5373

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82170911National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82372991
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Little is known about the regulation and function of phase separation in craniofacial developmental disorders. MSX1 mutations are associated with human cleft palate, the most common craniofacial birth defect. Here, we show that MSX1 phase separation is a vertebrate-conserved mechanism underlying embryonic palatal fusion. Notably, MSX1 phase separation is triggered by its intrinsically disordered protein region (IDR) and regulated by PRMT1-catalyzed methylation, specifically asymmetric dimethylation of arginine in the MSX1 IDR including R150 and R157. Hypomethylated MSX1 due to methylation site mutations and PRMT1 deficiency consistently leads to abnormal MSX1 phase separation to form less dynamic gel-like condensates, resulting in proliferation defects of embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells and cleft palate. Besides, high frequency mutations in the MSX1 IDR, especially R157S, have been identified in humans with cleft palate. Overall, we reveal the function and regulatory pathway of MSX1 phase separation as a conserved mechanism underlying cleft palate, providing a proof-of-concept example of a phenotype-associated phase separation mechanism associated with craniofacial developmental disorders.

Indexed as

Cleft PalateMSX1 Transcription FactorPalateProtein-Arginine N-MethyltransferasesRepressor ProteinsAnimalsArginineGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHumansMethylationMiceMutationArginineMSX1 protein, humanMsx1 protein, mouseMSX1 Transcription FactorPRMT1 protein, humanPrmt1 protein, mouseProtein-Arginine N-MethyltransferasesRepressor Proteins

Identifiers

PMID39843447
PMCPMC11754605

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.