Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39844263›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2025

Impact of diabetes remission or progression on the incidence of cardiovascular disease in Japan: historical cohort study using a nationwide claims database.

Chihiro Shimayama, Kazuya Fujihara, Laymon Khin, Hiroki Takizawa, Chika Horikawa, Takaaki Sato, Masaru Kitazawa, Yasuhiro Matsubayashi, Takaho Yamada, Hirohito Sone

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Clinical and Metabolic Characteristics of Spontaneous Remission in Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study from South India.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026
    Article
  3. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Chihiro ShimayamaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Kazuya FujiharaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan. kafujihara-dm@umin.ac.jp.
Laymon KhinDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Hiroki TakizawaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Chika HorikawaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Takaaki SatoDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Masaru KitazawaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Yasuhiro MatsubayashiDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Takaho YamadaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Hirohito SoneDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo Ward, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.

Funding

the Japan Society for Promotion of Science KAKENHI JP 21K11569
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies demonstrated that diabetes remission can occur during intensive intervention and in real-world settings. However, the impact of diabetes remission in real-world settings on the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear.

methodsThis retrospective cohort study included 299,967 individuals aged 20-72 years who underwent multiple checkups between 2008 and 2020 and completed ≥ 3 years of follow-up. Patients were divided into four groups according to changes in glycated hemoglobin levels and the use of diabetes medications during the 1-year baseline period: diabetes mellitus (DM)+/no remission, DM+/remission, DM-/no progression, and DM-/progression. The risk of CVD was evaluated using multivariable Cox regression analysis.

resultsThe median follow-up period was 5.0 years. The rates of CVD in the DM+/no remission, DM+/remission, DM-/no progression, and DM-/progression groups were 7.96, 4.76, 1.99, and 5.47 per 1000 person-years, respectively. Compared with DM+/no remission, DM+/remission reduced the risk of CVD [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.57-0.89]. Meanwhile, the HR for CVD in the DM+/remission group was 0.75 (95% CI = 0.56-0.99) for change in BMI ≤ 0%, versus 0.66 (95% CI = 0.45-0.96) for change in BMI > 0%.

conclusionsIn a real-world setting without intensive intervention, diabetes remission decreased the risk of CVD by approximately 30% regardless of changes in BMI, suggesting that diabetes remission can prevent CVD without weight loss in routine care and emphasizing the importance of achieving remission.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes MellitusGlycemic ControlHypoglycemic AgentsAdministrative Claims, HealthcareAdultAgedBiomarkersDatabases, FactualDisease ProgressionFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansIncidenceBiomarkersBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanHypoglycemic AgentsCardiovascular diseaseEpidemiologyReal-world settingRemissionType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID39844263
PMCPMC11756120

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.