Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39850586›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2024

Anatomical, functional, and blood-born predictors of severity of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome severity in French Bulldogs.

Claudia Schmid, Aline R Steiner, Léonie Spielhofer, Meltem Galfetti, Nikki Rentsch, Nikolay Bogdanov, Johannes Vogel, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Sonja Hartnack, Georgy Astakhov and 3 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Claudia SchmidRed Blood Cell Research Group, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Aline R SteinerClinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Léonie SpielhoferClinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Meltem GalfettiClinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Nikki RentschRed Blood Cell Research Group, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Nikolay BogdanovRed Blood Cell Research Group, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Johannes VogelRed Blood Cell Research Group, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Regina Hofmann-LehmannClinical Laboratory, Department for Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Sonja HartnackSection of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Georgy AstakhovApplied Statistics Group, Department of Mathematical Modeling and Machine Learning, Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Reinhard FurrerApplied Statistics Group, Department of Mathematical Modeling and Machine Learning, Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Anna Bogdanova *Red Blood Cell Research Group, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Iris Margaret Reichler *Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Brachycephalic breeds suffer from respiratory distress known as brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) and the multiple comorbidities associated with it. Targeted breeding toward a more BOAS-free phenotype requires accurate and least invasive detection of BOAS severity grades that are accessible and accepted by the breeders and kennel clubs. This study aimed to compare the-outcome of morphometric anatomical examination with functional tests such as exercise tests and plethysmography for the detection of BOAS severity in a group of 84 French Bulldogs. In addition, we investigated the possibility of assessing the severity of BOAS using blood parameters that were found to vary between the brachycephalic and non-brachycephalic dogs in our previous study. We found the results of the trotting test to be most reliable compared to the outcome of respiratory performance assessment using plethysmography. Of all the candidate blood parameters tested, carboxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin levels were the most predictive as on-side but not self-standing indicators of BOAS severity grade. Aggravation of BOAS manifestation was associated with mild stress erythropoiesis and oxidative stress. Based on our findings, we suggest continuing to use the trotting test as the method of choice for the selection of breeding dogs; in questionable cases, a temperature increase of more than 0.4°C indicates at least grade 2. Furthermore, co-oximetry could be used as an additional test to enable assignment to one of the two BOAS grades in dispute. Among the limitations of this study are the focus on one breed and the low number of animals with severe clinical signs of BOAS in the study cohort.

Indexed as

anatomical conformationbrachycephalic obstructive airway syndromebrachycephalycarboxyhemoglobinseverity gradingtrotting testwhole body plethysmography

Identifiers

PMID39850586
PMCPMC11754203

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.