ReviewThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2025
Targeting alarmins in asthma: From bench to clinic.
Review in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Genetic and environmental risk factors of asthma: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Vascular remodeling in asthma: from mechanisms to precision medicine.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- Group 2 innate lymphoid cells: Where are we 15 years out?The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- The Respiratory Epithelial Barrier as an Immunopharmacological Rheostat: From Homeostatic Sentinel to Therapeutic Target in Chronic Lung Disease.European journal of immunology · 2026Review
- Emerging Targeted Therapies in Asthma: From Upstream Epithelial Biology to Novel Biologic and Small-Molecule Strategies.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Review
- Screening and Engineering of Hetero-Bivalent Nanobody Targeting Interleukin-33 with Enhanced Binding Stability.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Review
- Epithelial alarmins TSLP, IL-33, and IL-25 in asthma pathogenesis: mechanistic roles and therapeutic implications.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- What elevated epithelial alarmins mean (and don't mean) for food challenge outcomes.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Clinical Significance of the IL-33/sST2 Axis and Vitamin D Status in the Assessment of Disease Severity and Exacerbation Risk in Asthma: A Prospective Controlled Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- IL-33 associates with type 2 burden and lung function in paediatric asthma, alongside exploratory IL-33-linked lipid changes.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Beyond Triple Therapy: Anti-Type 2 Biologic Therapies for Eosinophilic COPD and Respiratory Comorbidities - a Review of Clinical Evidence.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- OTUD6A in Airway Epithelial Cells Exacerbates Allergic Asthma by Promoting Airway Inflammation and Airway Remodeling Through Deubiquitination of hResistin/mRELMα.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Role of Serum IL-33 inToxins · 2026Article
- In Silico identification of inhalable small-molecule IL-33/ST2 antagonists for severe type-2-high asthma endotypes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Emerging Systemic Treatments for Asthma and Allergic Diseases: New Tricks, Same Dog?The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- Type 2 Inflammatory Diseases: The Crossroads of Immunity and Metabolism.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Integrated Single-Cell Profiling Reveals TL1A as a Biomarker and Driver of Type 2 Inflammation via Macrophage-Dependent Immunoregulation in Asthma.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Interleukin-33 at the intersection of inflammation and repair.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Over the past 2 decades, mechanistic studies of allergic and type 2 (T2)-mediated airway inflammation have led to multiple approved therapies for the treatment of moderate-to-severe asthma. The approval and availability of these monoclonal antibodies targeting IgE, a T2 cytokine (IL-5) and/or cytokine receptors (IL-5Rα, IL-4Rα) has been central to the progresses made in the management of moderate-to-severe asthma over this period. However, there are persistent gaps in clinician's ability to provide precise care, given that many patients with T2-high asthma do not respond to IgE- or T2 cytokine-targeting therapies and that patients with T2-low asthma have few therapeutic options. The new frontier of precision medicine in asthma, as well as in other allergic diseases, includes the targeting of epithelium-derived cytokines known as alarmins, including thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL-25, IL-33, and their receptors. The effects of these alarmins, which can act upstream of immune cells, involve both the innate and adaptive systems and hold potential for the treatment of both T2-high and -low disease. Tezepelumab, an anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin antibody, has already been approved for the treatment of severe asthma. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of alarmin biology with a primary focus on allergic airway diseases. We link the mechanistic corollaries to the clinical implications and advances in drug development targeting alarmins, with a particular focus on currently approved treatments, those under study, and future potential targets in alarmin signaling pathways.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.