ReviewCell death discovery2025
Free radicals and their impact on health and antioxidant defenses: a review.
Review in Cell death discovery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 284 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
284 citing papers in PubMed.
- Acute and Chronic Effects of Green Tea Kombucha With and Without Grape Skin Extract on Immune and Oxidative Stress Markers in Beginner Runners: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of food science · 2026Trial
- International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: effects of dietary antioxidants on exercise and sports performance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Review
- Nematicidal activity of multi-halogenated indoles against Caenorhabditis elegans.Pest management science · 2026Article
- Multifunctional in Vitro Biological Activities of Mixed Light Rare Earth Oxides: Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Potential.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- The price of protection: an integrated toxicological and modelling assessment of flubendiamide exposure in Anabas testudineus.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Integrated Experimental and Computational Investigation of Salicylaldehyde-Derived Imine/Amine Derivatives as Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Agents.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antitumor-Relevant Evaluation of Liquid and MicroencapsulatedMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effect of solvent polarity on phenolic antioxidant extraction fromRSC advances · 2026Article
- Oxidative Stress in Animals: A Systematic Analysis from Signaling Pathways to Biological Effects.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- FFAR4 Mediates High-Altitude Hypoxia-Induced Asthenozoospermia through Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: An Integrative Bioinformatics and Experimental Study.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Article
- From Retina to Vasculature: Oxidative Stress as a Common Mechanistic Link Between Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Cardiovascular Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multi-Omics Analysis of Hepatopancreatic Responses to Ammonia Nitrogen Stress in Diploid Pacific Oysters (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Mechanistic Evaluation of Chlorfenapyr-Induced Hepatotoxicity and the Mitigating Actions of Resveratrol-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Sea Medick Volatile Oil: Antioxidant, Insecticidal, In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity on SAF-1 Cells and Anti-Lipoxygenase Assessment via In Vitro and In Silico Methods.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Roadmap for the implementation of particle minibeam therapy.Medical physics · 2026Review
- Ellagic acid and montelukast mitigate arsenic trioxide-induced hepatotoxicity via modulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory pathways, and mitochondrial apoptosis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Molecular Cloning, Recombinant Expression, and In Silico Structural Analysis of Cu/Zn-Superoxide Dismutase from Trachyspermum ammi.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Article
- Cytotoxic Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts on HeLa Cells via Redox Imbalance, L-Arginine Metabolic Reprogramming, and Glycolytic Suppression.Cell biochemistry and function · 2026Article
- A full-active phosphorus dendron-based nanomedicine alleviates ischemic stroke through multi-target immunomodulation and neuroprotection.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
224 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Free radicals, characterized by the presence of unpaired electrons, are highly reactive species that play a significant role in human health. These molecules can be generated through various endogenous processes, such as mitochondrial respiration and immune cell activation, as well as exogenous sources, including radiation, pollution, and smoking. While free radicals are essential for certain physiological processes, such as cell signaling and immune defense, their overproduction can disrupt the delicate balance between oxidants and antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress results in the damage of critical biomolecules like DNA, proteins, and lipids, contributing to the pathogenesis of various diseases. Chronic conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory diseases have been strongly associated with the harmful effects of free radicals. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the characteristics and types of free radicals, their mechanisms of formation, and biological impacts. Additionally, we explore natural compounds and extracts studied for their antioxidant properties, offering potential therapeutic avenues for managing free radical-induced damage. Future research directions are also discussed to advance our understanding and treatment of free radical-associated diseases.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.