ArticleBiomolecules2025
Enhancement of Doxorubicin Efficacy by Bacopaside II in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.
Article in Biomolecules, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Tumor Activity of Lotus-Derived Alkaloids in Breast Cancer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Bacterial Infections and Their Cell Wall Ligands Differentially Modulate Doxorubicin Sensitivity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Article
- Utility of Multicellular Spheroids for Investigating Mechanisms of Chemoresistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Chemopreventive and therapeutic effects ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with limited treatment options and high resistance to chemotherapy. Doxorubicin is commonly used, but its efficacy is limited by variable sensitivity and resistance. Bacopaside II, a saponin compound, has shown anti-cancer potential. This study evaluates the effects of doxorubicin and bacopaside II, both individually and in combination, across TNBC subtypes to explore mechanisms of resistance and enhanced drug efficacy.
methodsThe growth-inhibitory effects of doxorubicin and bacopaside II were assessed in four TNBC cell lines. IC50 values were determined using dose-response assays, and doxorubicin accumulation was measured via spectral flow cytometry. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter expression (
resultsDoxorubicin sensitivity varied across TNBC molecular subtypes, correlating to intracellular accumulation. Bacopaside II inhibited growth across subtypes, inducing apoptosis in sensitive cells and necrosis in resistant cells. Bacopaside II increased doxorubicin accumulation, independent of P-glycoprotein (
conclusionsBacopaside II enhances doxorubicin efficacy in TNBC by increasing drug accumulation and overcoming ABC transporter-mediated resistance, suggesting its potential as an adjuvant in TNBC treatment. These findings support further investigation of bacopaside II, particularly for resistant TNBC subtypes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.