ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Targeting Triple NK Cell Suppression Mechanisms: A Comprehensive Review of Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeting Reactive Species Stress and Nutrient Sensing to Enhance NK-Cell Function: Mechanistic Strategies for Overcoming Pancreatic Cancer Progression and Resistance Through Supplement Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: from Tumor Biology to Biomarker-Guided Strategies.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Systemic immunosuppression limits NK cell therapy efficacy in pancreatic cancer.Molecular cancer · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Profiling Reveals the Antiproliferative Mechanism of Goose Serum and Plasma in SW1990 Cells.Biology · 2026Article
- Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: integrating molecular insights for targeted interventions.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Innovative immunotherapy approaches: harnessing synergy of dual checkpoint blockade in oncology.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Reprogramming natural killer cells in the tumor microenvironment: Challenges and therapeutic opportunities.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2025Review
- Role of Probiotics in Enhancing Immune Function and Improving the Effectiveness of Treatments for Pancreatic Cancer.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- An immunometabolic prodrug strategy overcomes DHODH inhibitor resistance in refractory melanoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- Review
- Correspondence: Highlighting the importance of immune system changes induced by physical activity and green tea in cancer management.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Review
- NK Cell-Microbiota Interaction Biomarker Strategy: Advancing Prostate Cancer Management.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Dysbiosis-NK Cell Crosstalk in Pancreatic Cancer: Toward a Unified Biomarker Signature for Improved Clinical Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- NK cell activity in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with poor outcomes due to frequent recurrence, metastasis, and resistance to treatment. A major contributor to this resistance is the tumor's ability to suppress natural killer (NK) cells, which are key players in the immune system's fight against cancer. In PDAC, the tumor microenvironment (TME) creates conditions that impair NK cell function, including reduced proliferation, weakened cytotoxicity, and limited tumor infiltration. This review examines how interactions between tumor-derived factors, NK cells, and the TME contribute to tumor progression and treatment resistance. To address these challenges, we propose a new "Triple NK Cell Biomarker Approach". This strategy focuses on identifying biomarkers from three critical areas: tumor characteristics, TME factors, and NK cell suppression mechanisms. This approach could guide personalized treatments to enhance NK cell activity. Additionally, we highlight the potential of combining NK cell-based therapies with conventional treatments and repurposed drugs to improve outcomes for PDAC patients. While progress has been made, more research is needed to better understand NK cell dysfunction and develop effective therapies to overcome these barriers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.